- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review Research

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

Hidden symmetry protection for surface plasmon polaritons

Yosuke Nakata1,2,*, Toshihiro Nakanishi3, Ryo Takahashi4, Fumiaki Miyamaru5, and Shuichi Murakami6

  • 1Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
  • 2Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
  • 3Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • 4Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
  • 5Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
  • 6Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan

  • *y.nakata.es@osaka-u.ac.jp
PDF

Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042027 – Published 20 November, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L042027

Abstract

In this study, we reveal the general mechanism of hidden symmetry protection for surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). SPPs are protected at zero frequency when the dielectric-metal interface exhibits an exceptional symmetry. This symmetry is characterized by a combined symmetry operation of mirror reflection and internal transformation regarding the electric and displacement fields. Coalesced monopole- and dipolelike interface fields were identified as the full degrees of freedom of the zero modes. Because symmetry breaking produces conventional SPPs continuously from zero modes, the zero modes are considered the explicit origins of SPPs. Even for nonuniform permittivity distributions, the symmetry protection generally functions. Time-domain simulations demonstrate the excitation of analogous zero modes at a temporal boundary.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

See Also

Bulk-edge correspondences for surface plasmon polaritons: A circuit approach

Yosuke Nakata, Toshihiro Nakanishi, Ryo Takahashi, Fumiaki Miyamaru, and Shuichi Murakami
Phys. Rev. B 108, 174105 (2023)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (29)

  1. D. Sarid and W. A. Challener, Modern Introduction to Surface Plasmons (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010).
  2. T. K. Sarkar, M. N. Abdallah, M. Salazar-Palma, and W. M. Dyab, Surface plasmons-polaritons, surface waves, and Zenneck waves: Clarification of the terms and a description of the concepts and their evolution, IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. 59, 77 (2017).
  3. S. A. Maier, Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications (Springer, New York, 2007).
  4. K. Y. Bliokh, D. Leykam, M. Lein, and F. Nori, Topological non-Hermitian origin of surface Maxwell waves, Nat. Commun. 10, 580 (2019).
  5. F. Yang, S. Ma, K. Ding, S. Zhang, and J. B. Pendry, Continuous topological transition from metal to dielectric, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117, 16739 (2020).
  6. Y. Nakata, T. Nakanishi, R. Takahashi, F. Miyamaru, and S. Murakami, companion paper, Bulk-edge correspondences for surface plasmon polaritons: A circuit approach, Phys. Rev. B 108, 174105 (2023).
  7. J. K. Asbóth, L. Oroszlány, and A. Pályi, A Short Course on Topological Insulators: Band Structure and Edge States in One and Two Dimensions (Springer, Cham, 2016).
  8. D. Vanderbilt, Berry Phases in Electronic Structure Theory: Electric Polarization, Orbital Magnetization and Topological Insulators (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018).
  9. W. P. Su, J. R. Schrieffer, and A. J. Heeger, Solitons in polyacetylene, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1698 (1979).
  10. W. P. Su, J. R. Schrieffer, and A. J. Heeger, Soliton excitations in polyacetylene, Phys. Rev. B 22, 2099 (1980).
  11. F. Schindler, Dirac equation perspective on higher-order topological insulators, J. Appl. Phys. 128, 221102 (2020).
  12. R. Jackiw and C. Rebbi, Solitons with fermion number 1/2, Phys. Rev. D 13, 3398 (1976).
  13. E. H. Lieb, Two theorems on the Hubbard model, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 1201 (1989).
  14. A. Mielke, Ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model on line graphs and further considerations, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 24, 3311 (1991).
  15. H. Tasaki, Ferromagnetism in the Hubbard models with degenerate single-electron ground states, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1608 (1992).
  16. Y. Nakata, T. Okada, T. Nakanishi, and M. Kitano, Circuit model for hybridization modes in metamaterials and its analogy to the quantum tight-binding model, Phys. Status Solidi B 249, 2293 (2012).
  17. D. Leykam and S. Flach, Perspective: Photonic flatbands, APL Photonics 3, 070901 (2018).
  18. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L042027 for CMx-antisymmetric solutions, exceptional interface response, topological polarization rotation, dispersion calculation, effective-medium approximation, mode missing mechanisms, symmetry protection in drastically nonuniform systems, and temporal-boundary details. A movie illustrating the magnetic-field dynamics near a temporal boundary is also provided.
  19. J. A. Stratton, Electromagnetic Theory (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1941).
  20. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd ed. (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 1998).
  21. E. J. Bergholtz, J. C. Budich, and F. K. Kunst, Exceptional topology of non-Hermitian systems, Rev. Mod. Phys. 93, 015005 (2021).
  22. M. Lawrence, N. Xu, X. Zhang, L. Cong, J. Han, W. Zhang, and S. Zhang, Manifestation of PT symmetry breaking in polarization space with terahertz metasurfaces, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 093901 (2014).
  23. Q. Song, M. Odeh, J. Zúñiga-Pérez, B. Kanté, and P. Genevet, Plasmonic topological metasurface by encircling an exceptional point, Science 373, 1133 (2021).
  24. R. Colom, E. Mikheeva, K. Achouri, J. Zuniga-Perez, N. Bonod, O. J. F. Martin, S. Burger, and P. Genevet, Crossing of the branch cut: The topological origin of a universal 2π-phase retardation in non-hermitian metasurfaces, Laser Photonics Rev. 17, 2200976 (2023).
  25. See also Section III A a in Supplemental Material.
  26. Y. V. Bludov, A. Ferreira, N. M. R. Peres, and M. I. Vasilevskiy, A primer on surface plasmon-polaritons in graphene, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 27, 1341001 (2013).
  27. F. Miyamaru, C. Mizuo, T. Nakanishi, Y. Nakata, K. Hasebe, S. Nagase, Y. Matsubara, Y. Goto, J. Pérez-Urquizo, J. Madéo, and K. M. Dani, Ultrafast frequency-shift dynamics at temporal boundary induced by structural-dispersion switching of waveguides, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 053902 (2021).
  28. X. Wang, M. S. Mirmoosa, and S. A. Tretyakov, Controlling surface waves with temporal discontinuities of metasurfaces, Nanophotonics 12, 2813 (2023).
  29. E. Noether, Invariante Variationsprobleme, Gött. Nachr. 1918, 235 (1918).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042027– Published 20 November, 2023
  • Received 23 October 2022
  • Accepted 27 September 2023
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation