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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Observation of chiral-mode domains in a frustrated XY model on optical triangular lattices

Hideki Ozawa*, Ryuta Yamamoto, and Takeshi Fukuhara

  • RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC), Wako 351-0198, Japan

  • *hideki.ozawa@riken.jp
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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042026 – Published 21 November, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L042026

Abstract

We investigated the relaxation and excitation in a frustrated XY model realized by a Bose gas in Floquet-engineered optical triangular lattices. Periodically driving the position of the entire lattice structure enables the sign inversion of tunneling amplitudes, which, in the case of a triangular lattice, results in geometrical frustration of the local phase of wave packets. We revealed that the two spiral phases with chiral modes show significant differences in relaxation time from the initial ferromagnetic phase. While spontaneous symmetry breaking is clearly observed at a slow ramp of the Floquet drive, simultaneous occupation of two ground states often occurs at a fast ramp, which can be attributed to the domain formation of the chiral modes. The interference of the spatially separated chiral modes was observed, using a quantum gas microscope. This work leads to exploring the domain formation mechanism in a system with U(1)×Z2 symmetry.

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Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042026– Published 21 November, 2023
  • Received 16 April 2023
  • Revised 30 August 2023
  • Accepted 23 October 2023
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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