- Letter
- Open Access
Four-field symmetry breakings in twin-resonator photonic isomers
Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042012 – Published 16 October, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L042012
Abstract
Symmetry and symmetry breaking of light states play an important role in photonic integrated circuits and have recently attracted lots of research interest that is relevant to the manipulation of light polarization, telecommunications, all optical computing, and more. We consider four-field symmetry breaking within two different configurations of photonic dimer systems, both comprised of two identical Kerr ring resonators. In each configuration we observe multiple degrees and levels of spontaneous symmetry breaking between circulating photon numbers and further, a wide range of oscillatory dynamics, such as chaos and multiple variations of periodic switching. These dynamics are of interest for optical data processing, optical memories, telecommunication systems, and integrated photonic sensors.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
- Nonlinear optics
- Photonics
- Dynamical systems
- Nonlinear waves
- Nonlocal nonlinear media
- Solitons
- Waveguides
- Polarization
- Cavity resonators
- Fabry-Pérot interferometry
- Finite-element method
- Four-wave mixing
- Kerr effect
- Numerical techniques
- Optical spectroscopy
- Rigorous coupled-wave analysis
- Whispering gallery mode resonators
Article Text
References (36)
- H. Arodz, J. Dziarmaga, and W. Zurek, Patterns of Symmetry Breaking, Nato Science Series II (Springer, Netherlands, 2011).
- J. Bernstein, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, gauge theories, the Higgs mechanism and all that, Rev. Mod. Phys. 46, 7 (1974).
- S. L. Adler, Einstein gravity as a symmetry-breaking effect in quantum field theory, Rev. Mod. Phys. 54, 729 (1982).
- L. Liu, S. Chen, Z. Lin, and X. Zhang, A symmetry-breaking phase in two-dimensional with ferromagnetism above room temperature, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 7893 (2020).
- G. Barbillon, A. Ivanov, and A. K. Sarychev, Applications of symmetry breaking in plasmonics, Symmetry 12, 896 (2020).
- J. N. Kemal, P. Marin-Palomo, M. Karpov, M. H. Anderson, W. Freude, T. J. Kippenberg, and C. Koos, Chip-based frequency combs for wavelength-division multiplexing applications, Optical Fiber Telecommunications VII (Elsevier, New York, 2020), pp. 51–102.
- N. Moroney, L. D. Bino, M. T. M. Woodley, G. N. Ghalanos, J. M. Silver, A. Ø. Svela, S. Zhang, and P. Del'Haye, Logic gates based on interaction of counterpropagating light in microresonators, J. Lightwave Technol. 38, 1414 (2020).
- A. Pasquazi, M. Peccianti, L. Razzari, D. J. Moss, S. Coen, M. Erkintalo, Y. K. Chembo, T. Hansson, S. Wabnitz, P. Del'Haye et al., Micro-combs: A novel generation of optical sources, Phys. Rep. 729, 1 (2018).
- A. Kaplan and P. Meystre, Directionally asymmetrical bistability in a symmetrically pumped nonlinear ring interferometer, Opt. Commun. 40, 229 (1982).
- E. M. Wright, P. Meystre, W. J. Firth, and A. E. Kaplan, Theory of the nonlinear Sagnac effect in a fiber-optic gyroscope, Phys. Rev. A 32, 2857 (1985).
- M. T. M. Woodley, J. M. Silver, L. Hill, F. Copie, L. Del Bino, S. Zhang, G.-L. Oppo, and P. Del'Haye, Universal symmetry-breaking dynamics for the Kerr interaction of counterpropagating light in dielectric ring resonators, Phys. Rev. A 98, 053863 (2018).
- L. Hill, G.-L. Oppo, M. T. M. Woodley, and P. Del'Haye, Effects of self- and cross-phase modulation on the spontaneous symmetry breaking of light in ring resonators, Phys. Rev. A 101, 013823 (2020).
- L. Del Bino, J. M. Silver, S. L. Stebbings, and P. Del'Haye, Symmetry breaking of counter-propagating light in a nonlinear resonator, Sci. Rep. 7, 43142 (2017).
- Q.-T. Cao, H. Wang, C.-H. Dong, H. Jing, R.-S. Liu, X. Chen, L. Ge, Q. Gong, and Y.-F. Xiao, Experimental Demonstration of Spontaneous Chirality in a Nonlinear Microresonator, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 033901 (2017).
- M. T. M. Woodley, L. Hill, L. Del Bino, G.-L. Oppo, and P. Del'Haye, Self-Switching Kerr Oscillations of Counterpropagating Light in Microresonators, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 043901 (2021).
- G. N. Campbell, S. Zhang, L. Del Bino, P. Del'Haye, and G.-L. Oppo, Counterpropagating light in ring resonators: Switching fronts, plateaus, and oscillations, Phys. Rev. A 106, 043507 (2022).
- F. Copie, M. T. M. Woodley, L. Del Bino, J. M. Silver, S. Zhang, and P. Del'Haye, Interplay of Polarization and Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Synchronously Pumped Ring Resonators, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 013905 (2019).
- J. Geddes, J. Moloney, E. Wright, and W. Firth, Polarisation patterns in a nonlinear cavity, Opt. Commun. 111, 623 (1994).
- B. Garbin, J. Fatome, G.-L. Oppo, M. Erkintalo, S. G. Murdoch, and S. Coen, Asymmetric balance in symmetry breaking, Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 023244 (2020).
- A. E. Kaplan and P. Meystre, Enhancement of the Sagnac effect due to nonlinearly induced nonreciprocity, Opt. Lett. 6, 590 (1981).
- L. D. Bino, J. M. Silver, M. T. M. Woodley, S. L. Stebbings, X. Zhao, and P. Del'Haye, Microresonator isolators and circulators based on the intrinsic nonreciprocity of the Kerr effect, Optica 5, 279 (2018).
- J. M. Silver, L. D. Bino, M. T. M. Woodley, G. N. Ghalanos, A. Ø. Svela, N. Moroney, S. Zhang, K. T. V. Grattan, and P. Del'Haye, Nonlinear enhanced microresonator gyroscope, Optica 8, 1219 (2021).
- G. Xu, L. Hill, J. Fatome, G.-L. Oppo, M. Erkintalo, S. G. Murdoch, and S. Coen, Breathing dynamics of symmetry-broken temporal cavity solitons in Kerr ring resonators, Opt. Lett. 47, 1486 (2022).
- N. Moroney, L. Del Bino, S. Zhang, M. T. M. Woodley, L. Hill, T. Wildi, V. J. Wittwer, T. Südmeyer, G.-L. Oppo, M. R. Vanner, V. Brasch, T. Herr, and P. Del'Haye, A Kerr polarization controller, Nat. Commun. 13, 398 (2022).
- L. Quinn, G. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Li, J. Fatome, S. G. Murdoch, S. Coen, and M. Erkintalo, Random number generation using spontaneous symmetry breaking in a Kerr resonator, Opt. Lett. 48, 3741 (2023).
- L. Hill, E.-M. Hirmer, G. Campbell, T. Bi, A. Ghosh, P. Del'Haye, and G.-L. Oppo, Symmetry broken vectorial kerr frequency combs from Fabry-Pérot resonators, arXiv:2308.05039.
- M.-A. Miri, E. Verhagen, and A. Alù, Optomechanically induced spontaneous symmetry breaking, Phys. Rev. A 95, 053822 (2017).
- B. Garbin, A. Giraldo, K. J. H. Peters, N. G. R. Broderick, A. Spakman, F. Raineri, A. Levenson, S. R. K. Rodriguez, B. Krauskopf, and A. M. Yacomotti, Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in a Coherently Driven Nanophotonic Bose-Hubbard Dimer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 053901 (2022).
- L. Hill, G.-L. Oppo, and P. Del'Haye, Multi-stage spontaneous symmetry breaking of light in Kerr ring resonators, Commun. Phys. 6, 208 (2023).
- A. Tikan, J. Riemensberger, K. Komagata, S. Hönl, M. Churaev, C. Skehan, H. Guo, R. N. Wang, J. Liu, P. Seidler, and T. J. Kippenberg, Emergent nonlinear phenomena in a driven dissipative photonic dimer, Nat. Phys. 17, 604 (2021).
- M. Golubitsky and D. G. Schaeffer, An analysis of imperfect bifurcation, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 316, 127 (1979).
- M. Golubitsky and D. G. Schaeffer, Singularities and Groups in Bifurcation Theory: Volume I, Applied Mathematical Sciences Vol. 51 (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1985).
- G. Xu, A. U. Nielsen, B. Garbin, L. Hill, G.-L. Oppo, J. Fatome, S. G. Murdoch, S. Coen, and M. Erkintalo, Spontaneous symmetry breaking of dissipative optical solitons in a two-component Kerr resonator, Nat. Commun. 12, 4023 (2021).
- Y.-F. Jiao, T.-X. Lu, and H. Jing, Optomechanical second-order sidebands and group delays in a Kerr resonator, Phys. Rev. A 97, 013843 (2018).
- S. Ferretti and D. Gerace, Single-photon nonlinear optics with Kerr-type nanostructured materials, Phys. Rev. B 85, 033303 (2012).
- T. Gantsog and R. Tanaś, Phase properties of elliptically polarized light propagating in a Kerr medium, J. Mod. Opt. 38, 1537 (1991).