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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Thermodynamic engine with a quantum degenerate working fluid

Ethan Q. Simmons1, Roshan Sajjad1, Kimberlee Keithley2, Hector Mas1, Jeremy L. Tanlimco1, Eber Nolasco-Martinez1, Yifei Bai1, Glenn H. Fredrickson2, and David M. Weld1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
  • 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA

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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042009 – Published 10 October, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L042009

Abstract

Can quantum mechanical thermodynamic engines outperform their classical counterparts? To address one aspect of this question, we experimentally realize and characterize an isentropic thermodynamic engine that uses a Bose-condensed working fluid. In this engine, an interacting quantum degenerate gas of bosonic lithium is subjected to trap compression and relaxation strokes interleaved with strokes strengthening and weakening interparticle interactions. We observe a significant enhancement in efficiency and power when using a Bose-condensed working fluid, compared to the case of a nondegenerate gas. We demonstrate reversibility, and measure power and efficiency as a function of engine parameters including compression ratio and cycle time. Results agree quantitatively with exact interacting finite temperature field-theoretic simulations.

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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L042009– Published 10 October, 2023
  • Received 2 April 2023
  • Accepted 1 September 2023
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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