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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Realization of Qi-Wu-Zhang model in spin-orbit-coupled ultracold fermions

Ming-Cheng Liang1,2,*, Yu-Dong Wei1,2,*, Long Zhang1,2,5,*,†, Xu-Jie Wang1,2, Han Zhang1,2, Wen-Wei Wang1,2, Wei Qi1,2, Xiong-Jun Liu1,2,3,5,‡, and Xibo Zhang1,2,4,5,§

  • 1International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
  • 3International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518048, China
  • 4Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • 5Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Current address: School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
  • ‡Corresponding author: xiongjunliu@pku.edu.cn
  • §Corresponding author: xibo@pku.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012006 – Published 17 January, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L012006

Abstract

Based on the optical Raman lattice technique, we experimentally realize the Qi-Wu-Zhang model for the quantum anomalous Hall phase in ultracold fermions with two-dimensional (2D) spin-orbit (SO) coupling. We develop an experimental protocol of pump-probe quench measurement to probe, with minimal heating, the resonant spin flipping on a particular quasimomentum subspace called band-inversion surfaces. With this protocol we demonstrate Dirac-type 2D SO coupling in a fermionic system, and detect nontrivial band topology by observing the change of band-inversion surfaces as the two-photon detuning varies. The nontrivial band topology is also observed by slowly loading the atoms into optical Raman lattices and measuring the spin textures. Our results show solid evidence for the realization of the minimal SO-coupled quantum anomalous Hall model, which can provide a feasible platform to investigate novel topological physics including the correlation effects with SO-coupled ultracold fermions.

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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012006– Published 17 January, 2023
  • Received 6 September 2021
  • Revised 3 July 2022
  • Accepted 17 November 2022
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