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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Coherence of Rabi oscillations with spin exchange

C. Kiehl1,*, D. Wagner1, T.-W. Hsu1, S. Knappe2,3, C. A. Regal1, and T. Thiele1,†

  • 1JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
  • 2Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
  • 3FieldLine Incorporated, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA

  • *christopher.kiehl@colorado.edu
  • †Present address: Zurich Instruments AG, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012002 – Published 10 January, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L012002

Abstract

Rabi measurements in atomic vapor cells are of current interest in a range of microwave imaging and sensing experiments, but are increasingly in a parameter space outside of theoretical studies of coherence defined by spin-exchange collisions. Here, we study the coherence of Rabi oscillations in vapor cells by employing continuous nondestructive readout of the hyperfine manifold of Rb87 using Faraday rotation. We develop a full model for spin-exchange coherence for hyperfine transitions that takes into account a nonstatic population distribution. In this regime, Rabi oscillations exhibit nontrivial time-domain signals that allow verification of vapor-cell parameters. We find excellent agreement between theory and experiment, which will aid in benchmarking sensitivities of Rabi measurement applications.

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Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012002– Published 10 January, 2023
  • Received 20 October 2022
  • Accepted 16 December 2022
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