- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review Research

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

Rydberg noisy dressing and applications in making soliton molecules and droplet quasicrystals

Mohammadsadegh Khazali

  • Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck 6020, Austria; Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588, Iran; and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

PDF

Phys. Rev. Research 3, L032033 – Published 5 August, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L032033

Abstract

The current advances in the field of ultracold atoms and atomic traps recall new controllable long-range interactions. These interactions are expected to extend the range of realizable quantum algorithms as well as provide new control mechanisms for the new types of quantum matters. This Letter presents special interatomic interactions between Rydberg-dressed atoms by manipulating the lasers' linewidth. The proposed interaction features a hybrid spatial profile containing plateaus and Gaussian peaks. Combined with dynamic control over the sign and strength of individual interaction elements, the Rydberg noisy-dressing (RnD) scheme provides a valuable interaction toolbox for quantum technology. As an example, RnD's applications in making stable gigantic three-dimensional soliton molecules and in the formation of quasiperiodic droplet crystals are discussed.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (78)

  1. D. Jaksch, J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller, S. L. Rolston, R. Cote, and M. D. Lukin, Fast Quantum Gates for Neutral Atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2208 (2000).
  2. M. D. Lukin, M. Fleischhauer, R. Cote, L. M. Duan, D. Jaksch, J. I. Cirac, and P. Zoller, Dipole Blockade and Quantum Information Processing in Mesoscopic Atomic Ensembles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 037901 (2001).
  3. M. Saffman, T. G. Walker, and K. Mølmer, Quantum information with Rydberg atoms, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 2313 (2010).
  4. C. S. Adams, J. D. Pritchard, and J. P. Shaffer, Rydberg atom quantum technologies, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 53, 012002 (2019).
  5. M. Khazali, C. Murry, and T. Pohl, Polariton Exchange Interactions in Multichannel Optical Networks, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 113605 (2019); M. Khazali, K. Heshami, and C. Simon, Photon-photon gate via the interaction between two collective Rydberg excitations, Phys. Rev. A 91, 030301(R) (2015).
  6. M. Khazali and K. Mølmer, Fast Multi-Qubit Gates by Adiabatic Evolution in Interacting Excited-State Manifolds of Rydberg Atoms and Superconducting Circuits, Phys. Rev. X 10, 021054 (2020).
  7. M. Khazali, Rydberg quantum simulator of topological insulators, arXiv:2101.11412.
  8. I. Friedler, D. Petrosyan, M. Fleischhauer, and G. Kurizki, Long-range interactions and entanglement of slow single-photon pulses, Phys. Rev. A 72, 043803 (2005).
  9. A. V. Gorshkov, J. Otterbach, M. Fleischhauer, T. Pohl, and M. D. Lukin, Photon-Photon Interactions via Rydberg Blockade, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 133602 (2011).
  10. D. Tiarks, S. Schmidt-Eberle, T. Stolz, G. Rempe, and S. Dürr, A photon-photon quantum gate based on Rydberg interactions, Nat. Phys. 15, 124 (2019).
  11. D. Paredes-Barato and C. S. Adams, All-Optical Quantum Information Processing Using Rydberg Gates, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 040501 (2014).
  12. A. C. J. Wade, M. Mattioli, and K. Mølmer, Single-atom single-photon coupling facilitated by atomic-ensemble dark-state mechanisms, Phys. Rev. A 94, 053830 (2016).
  13. M. Khazali, K. Heshami, and C. Simon, Single-photon source based on Rydberg exciton blockade, J. Phys. B 50, 21 (2017); F. Ripka, H. Kübler, R. Löw, and T. Pfau, A room-temperature single-photon source based on strongly interacting Rydberg atoms, Science 362, 446 (2018).
  14. M. Khazali, Quantum information and computation with Rydberg atoms, Iranian Journal of Applied Physics 10, 19 (2021).
  15. N. Henkel, R. Nath, and T. Pohl, Three-Dimensional Roton Excitations and Supersolid Formation in Rydberg-Excited Bose-Einstein Condensates, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 195302 (2010).
  16. G. Pupillo, A. Micheli, M. Boninsegni, I. Lesanovsky, and P. Zoller, Strongly Correlated Gases of Rydberg-Dressed Atoms: Quantum and Classical Dynamics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 223002 (2010).
  17. J. Honer, H. Weimer, T. Pfau, and H. P. Büchler, Collective Many-Body Interaction in Rydberg Dressed Atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 160404 (2010).
  18. J. E. Johnson and S. L. Rolston, Interactions between Rydberg-dressed atoms, Phys. Rev. A 82, 033412 (2010).
  19. C. Gaul, B. J. DeSalvo, J. A. Aman, F. B. Dunning, T. C. Killian, and T. Pohl, Resonant Rydberg Dressing of Alkaline-Earth Atoms via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 243001 (2016).
  20. J. Zeiher, R. van Bijnen, P. Schauß, S. Hild, J.-Y. Choi, T. Pohl, I. Bloch, and C. Gross, Many-body interferometry of a Rydberg-dressed spin lattice, Nat. Phys. 12, 1095 (2016).
  21. I. Bouchoule and K. Mølmer, Spin squeezing of atoms by the dipole interaction in virtually excited Rydberg states, Phys. Rev. A 65, 041803(R) (2002).
  22. M. Khazali, H. W. Lau, A. Humeniuk, and C. Simon, Large energy superpositions via Rydberg dressing, Phys. Rev. A 94, 023408 (2016).
  23. M. Khazali, Progress towards macroscopic spin and mechanical superposition via Rydberg interaction, Phys. Rev. A 98, 043836 (2018).
  24. M. A. Norcia, A. W. Young, W. J. Eckner, E. Oelker, J. Ye, and A. M. Kaufman, Seconds-scale coherence on an optical clock transition in a tweezer array, Science 366, 93 (2019).
  25. L. I. R. Gil, R. Mukherjee, E. M. Bridge, M. P. A. Jones, and T. Pohl, Spin Squeezing in a Rydberg Lattice Clock, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 103601 (2014).
  26. T. Keating, C. H. Baldwin, Y.-Y. Jau, J. Lee, G. W. Biedermann, and I. H. Deutsch, Arbitrary Dicke-State Control of Symmetric Rydberg Ensembles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 213601 (2016).
  27. F. Maucher, N. Henkel, M. Saffman, W. Królikowski, S. Skupin, and T. Pohl, Rydberg-Induced Solitons: Three-Dimensional Self-Trapping of Matter Waves, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 170401 (2011).
  28. F. Cinti, P. Jain, M. Boninsegni, A. Micheli, P. Zoller, and G. Pupillo, Supersolid Droplet Crystal in a Dipole-Blockaded Gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 135301 (2010).
  29. N. Henkel, F. Cinti, P. Jain, G. Pupillo, and T. Pohl, Supersolid Vortex Crystals in Rydberg-Dressed Bose-Einstein Condensates, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 265301 (2012).
  30. F. Cinti, T. Macri, W. Lechner, G. Pupillo, and T. Pohl, Defect-induced supersolidity with soft-core bosons, Nat. Commun. 5, 3235 (2014).
  31. A. Dauphin, M. Müller, and M. A. Martin-Delgado, Rydberg-atom quantum simulation and Chern-number characterization of a topological Mott insulator, Phys. Rev. A 86, 053618 (2012).
  32. X. Li and S. Das Sarma, Exotic topological density waves in cold atomic Rydberg-dressed fermions, Nat. Commun. 6, 7137 (2015).
  33. A. W. Glaetzle, M. Dalmonte, R. Nath, I. Rousochatzakis, R. Moessner, and P. Zoller, Quantum Spin-Ice and Dimer Models with Rydberg Atoms, Phys. Rev. X 4, 041037 (2014).
  34. A. W. Glaetzle, M. Dalmonte, R. Nath, C. Gross, I. Bloch, and P. Zoller, Designing Frustrated Quantum Magnets with Laser-Dressed Rydberg Atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 173002 (2015).
  35. R. M. W. van Bijnen and T. Pohl, Quantum Magnetism and Topological Ordering via Rydberg Dressing near Förster Resonances, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 243002 (2015).
  36. T. Keating, K. Goyal, Y.-Y. Jau, G. W. Biedermann, A. J. Landahl, and I. H. Deutsch, Adiabatic quantum computation with Rydberg-dressed atoms, Phys. Rev. A 87, 052314 (2013).
  37. T. Keating, R. L. Cook, A. M. Hankin, Y.-Y. Jau, G. W. Biedermann, and I. H. Deutsch, Robust quantum logic in neutral atoms via adiabatic Rydberg dressing, Phys. Rev. A 91, 012337 (2015).
  38. S. Möbius, M. Genkin, A. Eisfeld, S. Wüster, and J. M. Rost, Entangling distant atom clouds through Rydberg dressing, Phys. Rev. A 87, 051602(R) (2013).
  39. J. B. Balewski, A. T. Krupp, A. Gaj, S. Hofferberth, R. Löw and T. Pfau, Rydberg dressing: Understanding of collective many-body effects and implications for experiments, New J. Phys. 16, 063012 (2014).
  40. F. Nogrette, H. Labuhn, S. Ravets, D. Barredo, L. Béguin, A. Vernier, T. Lahaye, and A. Browaeys, Single-Atom Trapping in Holographic 2D Arrays of Microtraps with Arbitrary Geometries, Phys. Rev. X 4, 021034 (2014).
  41. T. Xia, M. Lichtman, K. Maller, A. W. Carr, M. J. Piotrowicz, L. Isenhower, and M. Saffman, RAndomized Benchmarking of Single-Qubit Gates in a 2D Array of Neutral-Atom Qubits, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 100503 (2015).
  42. A. Cooper, J. P. Covey, I. S. Madjarov, S. G. Porsev, M. S. Safronova, and M. Endres, Alkaline-Earth Atoms in Optical Tweezers, Phys. Rev. X 8, 041055 (2018).
  43. M. A. Norcia, A. W. Young, and A. M. Kaufman, Microscopic Control and Detection of Ultracold Strontium in Optical-Tweezer Arrays, Phys. Rev. X 8, 041054 (2018).
  44. S. Hollerith, J. Zeiher, J. Rui, A. Rubio-Abadal, V. Walther, T. Pohl, D. M. Stamper-Kurn, I. Bloch, and C. Gross, Quantum gas microscopy of Rydberg macrodimers, Science 364, 664 (2019).
  45. S. Saskin, J. T. Wilson, B. Grinkemeyer, and J. D. Thompson, Narrow-Line Cooling and Imaging of Ytterbium Atoms in an Optical Tweezer Array, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 143002 (2019).
  46. Y. Wang, A. Kumar, T. Y. Wu, and D. S. Weiss, Single-qubit gates based on targeted phase shifts in a 3D neutral atom array, Science 352, 1562 (2016).
  47. D. Barredo, V. Lienhard, S. de Léséleuc, T. Lahaye, and A. Browaeys, Synthetic three-dimensional atomic structures assembled atom by atom, Nature (London) 561, 79 (2018).
  48. A. W. Glaetzle, R. M. W. van Bijnen, P. Zoller, and W. Lechner, A coherent quantum annealer with Rydberg atoms, Nat. Commun. 8, 15813 (2017).
  49. H. Weimer, M. Müller, I. Lesanovsky, P. Zoller, and H. P. Büchler, A Rydberg quantum simulator, Nat. Phys. 6, 382 (2010).
  50. M. Stratmann, T. Pagel, and F. Mitschke, Experimental Observation of Temporal Soliton Molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 143902 (2005).
  51. P. Grelu, F. Belhache, F. Gutty, and J. M. Soto-Crespo, Phase-locked soliton pairs in a stretched-pulse fiber laser, Opt. Lett. 27, 966 (2002).
  52. K. Krupa, K. Nithyanandan, U. Andral, P. Tchofo-Dinda, and P. Grelu, Real-Time Observation of Internal Motion within Ultrafast Dissipative Optical Soliton Molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 243901 (2017).
  53. P. Rohrmann, A. Hause, and F. Mitschke, Solitons beyond binary: Possibility of fibre-optic transmission of two bits per clock period, Sci. Rep. 2, 866 (2012).
  54. Z. Q. Wang, K. Nithyanandan, A. Coillet, P. Tchofo-Dinda, and Ph. Grelu, Optical soliton molecular complexes in a passively mode-locked fibre laser, Nat. Commun. 10, 830 (2019).
  55. P. Grelu and N. Akhmediev, Dissipative solitons for mode-locked lasers, Nat. Photonics 6, 84 (2012).
  56. B. Malomed, Bound solitons in the nonlinear Schrödinger/Ginzburg-Landau equation, Phys. Rev. A 44, 6954 (1991).
  57. N. Akhmediev, A. Ankiewicz, and J. M. Soto-Crespo, Multisoliton Solutions of the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 4047 (1997).
  58. D. Y. Tang, W. S. Man, H. Y. Tam, and P. D. Drummond, Observation of bound states of solitons in a passively mode-locked fiber laser, Phys. Rev. A 64, 033814 (2001).
  59. G. Herink, F. Kurtz, B. Jalali, D. Solli, and C. Ropers, Real-time spectral interferometry probes the internal dynamics of femtosecond soliton molecules, Science 356, 50 (2017).
  60. A. V. Buryak, Y. S. Kivshar, M. F. Shih, and M. Segev, Induced Coherence and Stable Soliton Spiraling, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 81 (1999).
  61. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L032033 for further in-depth discussions about the dynamics of RnD interaction, interaction sign change, relaxation time, how the elements in the RnD spatial profile are formed, further decoherence sources including level mixing and anomalous broadening, illustrations of how the patterns of droplet quasicrystals could be controlled by manipulating the RnD interaction, and studies of the vulnerability of the phase-dependent soliton interaction to phase fluctuations.
  62. I. Seydi, S. H. Abedinpour, R. E. Zillich, R. Asgari, and B. Tanatar, Rotons and Bose condensation in Rydberg-dressed Bose gases, Phys. Rev. A 101, 013628 (2020).
  63. T. Macri, S. Saccani, and F. Cinti, Ground State and Excitation Properties of Soft-Core Bosons, J. Low Temp. Phys. 177, 59 (2014).
  64. O. N. Osychenko, G. E. Astrakharchik, Y. Lutsyshyn, Y. E. Lozovik, and J. Boronat, Phase diagram of Rydberg atoms with repulsive van der Waals interaction, Phys. Rev. A 84, 063621 (2011).
  65. D. Levine and P. J. Steinhardt, Quasicrystals: A New Class of Ordered Structures, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 2477 (1984).
  66. U. Grimm and M. Schreiber, Energy spectra and eigenstates of quasiperiodic tight-binding Hamiltonians, in Quasicrystals' Structure and Physical Properties, edited by H.-R. Trebin (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2003).
  67. D. Tanese, E. Gurevich, F. Baboux, T. Jacqmin, A. Lemaitre, E. Galopin, I. Sagnes, A. Amo, J. Bloch, and E. Akkermans, Fractal Energy Spectrum of a Polariton Gas in a Fibonacci Quasiperiodic Potential, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 146404 (2014).
  68. M. Kohmoto and B. Sutherland, Electronic States on a Penrose Lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2740 (1986).
  69. T. Fujiwara and T. Yokokawa, Universal Pseudogap at Fermi Energy in Quasicrystals Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 333 (1991).
  70. F. S. Pierce, S. J. Poon, and Q. Guo, Electron Localization in Metallic Quasicrystals, Science 261, 737 (1993).
  71. S. Wessel, A. Jagannathan, and S. Haas, Quantum Antiferromagnetism in Quasicrystals, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 177205 (2003).
  72. S. Kunze, R. Hohmann, H. J. Kluge, J. Lantzsch, L. Monz, J. Stenner, K. Stratmann, K. Wendt, and K. Zimmer, Lifetime measurements of highly excited Rydberg states of strontium I, Z. Phys. D 27, 111 (1993).
  73. M. Khazali, Applications of atomic ensembles for photonic quantum information processing and fundamental tests of quantum physics, Ph.D. thesis, University of Calgary, 2016.
  74. S. Sevincli, N. Henkel, C. Ates, and T. Pohl, Nonlocal Nonlinear Optics in Cold Rydberg Gases, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 153001 (2011).
  75. S. Stellmer, F. Schreck, and T. C. Killian, Degenerate quantum gases of strontium, in Annual Review of Cold Atoms and Molecules, edited by K. Madison, K. Bongs, L. D. Carr, A. M. Rey, and H. Zhai (World Scientific, Singapore, 2014), Vol. 2, pp. 1–80.
  76. Y.-C. Zhang, V. Walther, and T. Pohl, Long-Range Interactions and Symmetry Breaking in Quantum Gases through Optical Feedback, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 073604 (2018).
  77. M. Toros and A. Bassi, Bounds on quantum collapse models from matter-wave interferometry: Calculational details, J. Phys. A 51, 11 (2018).
  78. M. Carlesso and A. Bassi, Current tests of collapse models: How far can we push the limits of quantum mechanics?, in Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM) V: Quantum Technologies, OSA Technical Digest (Optical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2019), paper S1C.3.

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Research 3, L032033– Published 5 August, 2021
  • Received 29 June 2020
  • Accepted 15 July 2021
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation