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Experimental tests of multiplicative Bell inequalities and the fundamental role of local correlations

Dilip Paneru1, Amit Te'eni2, Bar Y. Peled3, James Hubble1, Yingwen Zhang4, Avishy Carmi3, Eliahu Cohen2,*, and Ebrahim Karimi1,4

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
  • 2Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
  • 3Center for Quantum Information Science and Technology & Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel
  • 4National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0R6, Canada

  • *eliahu.cohen@biu.ac.il
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Phys. Rev. Research 3, L012025 – Published 12 March, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L012025

Abstract

Bell inequalities are mathematical constructs that demarcate the boundary between quantum and classical physics. A new class of multiplicative Bell inequalities originating from a volume maximization game (based on products of correlators within bipartite systems) has been recently proposed. For these new Bell parameters, it is relatively easy to find the classical and quantum, i.e., Tsirelson, limits. Here, we experimentally test the Tsirelson bounds of these inequalities using polarization-entangled photons for a different number of measurements (n), each party can perform. For n=2,3,4, we report the experimental violation of local hidden variable theories. In addition, we experimentally compare the results with the parameters obtained from a fully deterministic strategy, and observe the conjectured nature of the ratio. Finally, utilizing the principle of “relativistic independence” encapsulating the locality of uncertainty relations, we theoretically derive and experimentally test new and richer quantum bounds for both the multiplicative and the additive Bell parameters for n=2. Our findings strengthen the deep correspondence between local and nonlocal correlations, and pave the way for both theoretical (e.g., better understanding of nonlocal correlations) and practical (e.g., Bell tests and quantum technologies with inefficient detectors) applications.

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Phys. Rev. Research 3, L012025– Published 12 March, 2021
  • Received 15 September 2020
  • Accepted 9 February 2021
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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