- Letter
- Open Access
High harmonics of the cyclotron resonance in microwave transmission of a high-mobility two-dimensional electron system
Phys. Rev. Research 3, L012013 – Published 5 February, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L012013
Abstract
We report an observation of magneto-oscillations in transmittance of the circularly polarized microwave radiation through the high-mobility two-dimensional electron system hosted by a GaAs quantum well. The oscillations reflect an enhanced absorption of radiation at high harmonics of the cyclotron resonance and follow simultaneously measured microwave-induced resistance oscillations (MIRO) in the DC transport. While the relative amplitude (up to 1%) of the transmittance oscillations appears to be small, they represent a significant (greater than 50%) modulation of the absorption coefficient. The analysis of obtained results demonstrates that the low- decay, magnitude, and polarization dependence of the transmittance oscillations accurately follow the theory describing photon-assisted scattering between distant disorder-broadened Landau levels. The extracted sample parameters describe reasonably well the concurrently measured MIRO. Our results provide insight into the MIRO polarization immunity problem and demonstrate that high-precision transmission measurements can be a sensitive probe of high-frequency dissipative effects in high-mobility systems.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
Supplemental Material
References (68)
- M. A. Zudov, R. R. Du, J. A. Simmons, and J. L. Reno, Shubnikov–de Haas-like oscillations in millimeterwave photoconductivity in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas, Phys. Rev. B 64, 201311(R) (2001).
- R. G. Mani, J. H. Smet, K. von Klitzing, V. Narayanamurti, W. B. Johnson, and V. Umansky, Zero-resistance states induced by electromagnetic-wave excitation in heterostructures, Nature (London) 420, 646 (2002).
- M. A. Zudov, R. R. Du, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Evidence for a New Dissipationless Effect in Electronic Transport, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 046807 (2003).
- I. A. Dmitriev, A. D. Mirlin, D. G. Polyakov, and M. A. Zudov, Nonequilibrium phenomena in high levels, Rev. Mod. Phys. 84, 1709 (2012).
- M. A. Zudov, I. V. Ponomarev, A. L. Efros, R. R. Du, J. A. Simmons, and J. L. Reno, New Class of Magnetoresistance Oscillations: Interaction of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas with Leaky Interface Phonons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3614 (2001).
- C. L. Yang, J. Zhang, R. R. Du, J. A. Simmons, and J. L. Reno, Zener Tunneling between Orbits in a High-Mobility Two-Dimensional Electron Gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 076801 (2002).
- W. Zhang, M. A. Zudov, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Resonant Phonon Scattering in Quantum Systems Driven by dc Electric Fields, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 036805 (2008).
- W. Zhang, M. A. Zudov, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Resistance Oscillations in Two-Dimensional Electron Systems Induced by Both ac and dc Fields, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 106804 (2007).
- S. Wiedmann, G. M. Gusev, O. E. Raichev, A. K. Bakarov, and J. C. Portal, Microwave Zero-Resistance States in a Bilayer Electron System, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 026804 (2010).
- J. H. Smet, B. Gorshunov, C. Jiang, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, V. Umansky, M. Dressel, R. Meisels, F. Kuchar, and K. von Klitzing, Circular-Polarization-Dependent Study of the Microwave Photoconductivity in a Two-Dimensional Electron System, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 116804 (2005).
- S. I. Dorozhkin, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, K. von Klitzing, and J. H. Smet, Random telegraph photosignals in a microwave-exposed two-dimensional electron system, Nat. Phys. 7, 336 (2011).
- A. A. Bykov, I. V. Marchishin, A. V. Goran, and D. V. Dmitriev, Microwave induced zero-conductance state in a geometry two-dimensional electron gas with capacitive contacts, Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 082107 (2010).
- D. Konstantinov, Y. Monarkha, and K. Kono, Effect of Interaction on Microwave-Induced Magnetoconductivity Oscillations of Surface Electrons on Liquid Helium, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 266802 (2013).
- A. D. Levin, Z. S. Momtaz, G. M. Gusev, O. E. Raichev, and A. K. Bakarov, Microwave-Induced Magneto-Oscillations and Signatures of Zero-Resistance States in Phonon-Drag Voltage in Two-Dimensional Electron Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 206801 (2015).
- S. I. Dorozhkin, A. A. Kapustin, V. Umansky, K. von Klitzing, and J. H. Smet, Microwave-Induced Oscillations in Magnetocapacitance: Evidence for Nonequilibrium Occupation of Electronic States, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 176801 (2016).
- Q. Shi, M. A. Zudov, I. A. Dmitriev, K. W. Baldwin, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Fine structure of high-power microwave-induced resistance oscillations, Phys. Rev. B 95, 041403(R) (2017).
- M. A. Zudov, O. A. Mironov, Q. A. Ebner, P. D. Martin, Q. Shi, and D. R. Leadley, Observation of microwave-induced resistance oscillations in a high-mobility two-dimensional hole gas in a strained quantum well, Phys. Rev. B 89, 125401 (2014).
- D. F. Kärcher, A. V. Shchepetilnikov, Y. A. Nefyodov, J. Falson, I. A. Dmitriev, Y. Kozuka, D. Maryenko, A. Tsukazaki, S. I. Dorozhkin, I. V. Kukushkin, M. Kawasaki, and J. H. Smet, Observation of microwave induced resistance and photovoltage oscillations in heterostructures, Phys. Rev. B 93, 041410(R) (2016).
- R. Yamashiro, L. V. Abdurakhimov, A. O. Badrutdinov, Y. P. Monarkha, and D. Konstantinov, Photoconductivity Response at Cyclotron-Resonance Harmonics in a Nondegenerate Two-Dimensional Electron Gas on Liquid Helium, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 256802 (2015).
- A. A. Zadorozhko, Y. P. Monarkha, and D. Konstantinov, Circular-Polarization-Dependent Study of Microwave-Induced Conductivity Oscillations in a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas on Liquid Helium, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 046802 (2018).
- M. Otteneder, I. A. Dmitriev, S. Candussio, M. L. Savchenko, D. A. Kozlov, V. V. Bel'kov, Z. D. Kvon, N. N. Mikhailov, S. A. Dvoretsky, and S. D. Ganichev, Sign-alternating photoconductivity and magnetoresistance oscillations induced by terahertz radiation in quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 98, 245304 (2018).
- B. Friess, I. A. Dmitriev, V. Umansky, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, K. von Klitzing, and J. H. Smet, Acoustoelectric Study of Microwave-Induced Current Domains, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 117601 (2020).
- D. Tabrea, I. A. Dmitriev, S. I. Dorozhkin, B. P. Gorshunov, A. V. Boris, Y. Kozuka, A. Tsukazaki, M. Kawasaki, K. von Klitzing, and J. Falson, Microwave response of interacting oxide two-dimensional electron systems, Phys. Rev. B 102, 115432 (2020).
- E. Mönch, D. A. Bandurin, I. A. Dmitriev, I. Y. Phinney, I. Yahniuk, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, P. Jarillo-Herrero, and S. D. Ganichev, Observation of terahertz-induced magnetooscillations in graphene, Nano Lett. 20, 5943 (2020).
- P. Kumaravadivel, M. T. Greenaway, D. Perello, A. Berdyugin, J. Birkbeck, J. Wengraf, S. Liu, J. H. Edgar, A. K. Geim, L. Eaves, and R. K. Kumar, Strong magnetophonon oscillations in extra-large graphene, Nat. Commun. 10, 3334 (2019).
- M. L. Savchenko, M. Otteneder, I. A. Dmitriev, N. N. Mikhailov, Z. D. Kvon, and S. D. Ganichev, Terahertz photoresistivity of a high-mobility topological insulator based on a strained film, Appl. Phys. Lett. 117, 201103 (2020).
- V. I. Ryzhii, Photoconductivity characteristics in thin films subjected to crossed electric and magnetic fields, Sov. Phys. Solid State 11, 2078 (1970).
- A. C. Durst, S. Sachdev, N. Read, and S. M. Girvin, Radiation-Induced Magnetoresistance Oscillations in a Electron Gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 086803 (2003).
- I. A. Dmitriev, A. D. Mirlin, and D. G. Polyakov, Cyclotron-Resonance Harmonics in the ac Response of a Electron Gas with Smooth Disorder, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 226802 (2003).
- A. V. Andreev, I. L. Aleiner, and A. J. Millis, Dynamical Symmetry Breaking as the Origin of the Zero-dc-Resistance State in an ac-Driven System, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 056803 (2003).
- M. G. Vavilov and I. L. Aleiner, Magnetotransport in a two-dimensional electron gas at large filling factors, Phys. Rev. B 69, 035303 (2004).
- I. A. Dmitriev, M. G. Vavilov, I. L. Aleiner, A. D. Mirlin, and D. G. Polyakov, Theory of microwave-induced oscillations in the magnetoconductivity of a two-dimensional electron gas, Phys. Rev. B 71, 115316 (2005).
- M. G. Vavilov, I. L. Aleiner, and L. I. Glazman, Nonlinear resistivity of a two-dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field, Phys. Rev. B 76, 115331 (2007).
- I. A. Dmitriev, M. Khodas, A. D. Mirlin, D. G. Polyakov, and M. G. Vavilov, Mechanisms of the microwave photoconductivity in two-dimensional electron systems with mixed disorder, Phys. Rev. B 80, 165327 (2009).
- O. E. Raichev, Magnetic oscillations of resistivity and absorption of radiation in quantum wells with two populated subbands, Phys. Rev. B 78, 125304 (2008).
- Y. Monarkha and D. Konstantinov, Magneto-oscillations and anomalous current states in a photoexcited electron gas on liquid helium, J. Low Temp. Phys. 197, 208 (2019).
- I. A. Dmitriev, Self-oscillations and noise-induced flips of spontaneous electric field in microwave-induced zero resistance state, Europhys. Lett. 126, 57004 (2019).
- M. T. Greenaway, R. Krishna Kumar, P. Kumaravadivel, A. K. Geim, and L. Eaves, Magnetophonon spectroscopy of fermion scattering by transverse and longitudinal acoustic phonons in graphene, Phys. Rev. B 100, 155120 (2019).
- O. E. Raichev and M. A. Zudov, Effect of phase on nonlinear response of two-dimensional fermions, Phys. Rev. Research 2, 022011(R) (2020).
- I. A. Dmitriev, A. D. Mirlin, and D. G. Polyakov, Oscillatory ac conductivity and photoconductivity of a two-dimensional electron gas: Quasiclassical transport beyond the equation, Phys. Rev. B 70, 165305 (2004).
- A. D. Chepelianskii and D. L. Shepelyansky, Microwave stabilization of edge transport and zero-resistance states, Phys. Rev. B 80, 241308(R) (2009).
- S. A. Mikhailov, Theory of microwave-induced zero-resistance states in two-dimensional electron systems, Phys. Rev. B 83, 155303 (2011).
- Y. M. Beltukov and M. I. Dyakonov, Microwave-Induced Resistance Oscillations as a Classical Memory Effect, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 176801 (2016).
- G. Abstreiter, J. P. Kotthaus, J. F. Koch, and G. Dorda, Cyclotron resonance of electrons in surface space-charge layers on silicon, Phys. Rev. B 14, 2480 (1976).
- T. Ando, Theory of cyclotron resonance lineshape in a two-dimensional electron system, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 38, 989 (1975).
- S. A. Studenikin, M. Potemski, A. Sachrajda, M. Hilke, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Microwave-induced resistance oscillations on a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas: Exact waveform, absorption/reflection and temperature damping, Phys. Rev. B 71, 245313 (2005).
- A. Wirthmann, B. D. McCombe, D. Heitmann, S. Holland, K.-J. Friedland, and C.-M. Hu, Far-infrared-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in -based two-dimensional electron systems, Phys. Rev. B 76, 195315 (2007).
- L.-C. Tung, C. L. Yang, D. Smirnov, L. N. Pfeiffer, K. W. West, R. R. Du, and Y.-J. Wang, Submillimeter wave induced resistance oscillations in ultra-high mobility two-dimensional electron systems, Solid State Commun. 149, 1531 (2009).
- T. Herrmann, I. A. Dmitriev, D. A. Kozlov, M. Schneider, B. Jentzsch, Z. D. Kvon, P. Olbrich, V. V. Bel'kov, A. Bayer, D. Schuh, D. Bougeard, T. Kuczmik, M. Oltscher, D. Weiss, and S. D. Ganichev, Analog of microwave-induced resistance oscillations induced in heterostructures by terahertz radiation, Phys. Rev. B 94, 081301(R) (2016).
- O. M. Fedorych, M. Potemski, S. A. Studenikin, J. A. Gupta, Z. R. Wasilewski, and I. A. Dmitriev, Quantum oscillations in the microwave magnetoabsorption of a two-dimensional electron gas, Phys. Rev. B 81, 201302(R) (2010).
- D. G. Polyakov, F. Evers, and I. V. Gornyi, Cyclotron resonance in antidot arrays, Phys. Rev. B 65, 125326 (2002).
- S. I. Dorozhkin, A. A. Kapustin, I. A. Dmitriev, V. Umansky, K. von Klitzing, and J. H. Smet, Evidence for non- electron dynamics in the microwave absorption of a two-dimensional electron system, Phys. Rev. B 96, 155306 (2017).
- P. S. Alekseev and A. P. Alekseeva, Transverse Magnetosonic Waves and Viscoelastic Resonance in a Two-Dimensional Highly Viscous Electron Fluid, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 236801 (2019).
- V. A. Volkov and A. A. Zabolotnykh, Bernstein modes and giant microwave response of a two-dimensional electron system, Phys. Rev. B 89, 121410(R) (2014).
- A. D. Chepelianskii and D. L. Shepelyansky, Floquet theory of microwave absorption by an impurity in the two-dimensional electron gas, Phys. Rev. B 97, 125415 (2018).
- T. Baba, T. Mizutani, and M. Ogawa, Elimination of persistent photoconductivity and improvement in activation coefficient by spatial separation from and in solid system–A novel short period superlattice, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 22, L627 (1983).
- K.-J. Friedland, R. Hey, H. Kostial, R. Klann, and K. Ploog, New Concept for the Reduction of Impurity Scattering in Remotely Doped Quantum Wells, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4616 (1996).
- V. Umansky, M. Heiblum, Y. Levinson, J. Smet, J. Nübler, and M. Dolev, growth of ultra-low disorder with mobility exceeding / s, J. Cryst. Growth 311, 1658 (2009).
- M. J. Manfra, Molecular beam epitaxy of ultra-high-quality heterostructures: Enabling physics in low-dimensional electronic systems, Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 5, 347 (2014).
- See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L012013 for details of transmittance measurements, additional transmission data for different radiation frequencies, dependence of MIRO and transmittance on the radiation power and DC, magnetotransport in the absence and presence of radiation, measurements of MIRO using double-modulation technique, full expression for the amplitude of MIRO, summary of the fitting procedure including a table of obtained sample parameters, discussion of the low- decay of oscillations in transmission and MIRO, and conditions for observation of transmittance oscillations in high-mobility 2DESs.
- A. M. Shuvaev, G. V. Astakhov, C. Brüne, H. Buhmann, L. W. Molenkamp, and A. Pimenov, Terahertz magneto-optical spectroscopy in thin films, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 27, 124004 (2012).
- U. Dziom, THz spectroscopy of novel spin and quantum systems, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna University of Technology, 2018.
- W. Kohn, Cyclotron resonance and de Haas–van Alphen oscillations of an interacting electron gas, Phys. Rev. 123, 1242 (1961).
- A. T. Hatke, M. A. Zudov, J. D. Watson, M. J. Manfra, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Evidence for effective mass reduction in quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 87, 161307(R) (2013).
- A. V. Shchepetilnikov, D. D. Frolov, Y. A. Nefyodov, I. V. Kukushkin, and S. Schmult, Renormalization of the effective mass deduced from the period of microwave-induced resistance oscillations in heterostructures, Phys. Rev. B 95, 161305(R) (2017).
- X. Fu, Q. A. Ebner, Q. Shi, M. A. Zudov, Q. Qian, J. D. Watson, and M. J. Manfra, Microwave-induced resistance oscillations in a back-gated quantum well, Phys. Rev. B 95, 235415 (2017).
- Y. Dai, R. R. Du, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Observation of a Cyclotron Harmonic Spike in Microwave-Induced Resistances in Ultraclean Quantum Wells, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 246802 (2010).
- A. T. Hatke, M. A. Zudov, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Giant microwave photoresistivity in high-mobility quantum Hall systems, Phys. Rev. B 83, 121301(R) (2011).