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Spin Hall effect in a spin-1 chiral semimetal

Ke Tang1,2, Yong-Chang Lau3,4, Kenji Nawa1,5, Zhenchao Wen1,*, Qingyi Xiang1, Hiroaki Sukegawa1, Takeshi Seki3,4, Yoshio Miura1, Koki Takanashi3,4,6 et al.

Seiji Mitani1,2

  • 1National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
  • 2Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
  • 3Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
  • 4Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
  • 5Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
  • 6Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Core Research Cluster, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan

  • *wen.zhenchao@nims.go.jp
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Phys. Rev. Research 3, 033101 – Published 29 July, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.033101

Abstract

The spin-1 chiral semimetal is a state of quantum matter hosting unconventional chiral fermions that extend beyond the common Dirac and Weyl fermions. B20-type CoSi is a prototypal material that accommodates such an exotic quasiparticle. To date, the spin-transport properties in the spin-1 chiral semimetals have not been thoroughly explored. In this work, we fabricated B20-CoSi thin films on sapphire c-plane substrates by magnetron sputtering and studied the spin Hall effect (SHE) by combining experiments and first-principles calculations. The SHE of CoSi was investigated using CoSi/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures via spin Hall magnetoresistance and harmonic Hall measurements. First-principles calculations yield an intrinsic spin Hall conductivity (SHC) at the Fermi level that is consistent with the experiments and reveal its unique Fermi-energy dependence. Unlike the Dirac and Weyl fermion-mediated Hall conductivities that exhibit a peaklike structure centering around the topological node, SHC of B20-CoSi is odd and crosses zero at the node with two antisymmetric local extrema of opposite sign situated below and above in energy. Hybridization between Co d-Si p orbitals and spin-orbit coupling are essential for the SHC, despite the small (∼1%) weight of the Si p orbital near the Fermi level. This work expands the horizon of topological spintronics and highlights the importance of Fermi-level tuning in order to fully exploit the topology of spin-1 chiral fermions for spin-current generation.

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Phys. Rev. Research 3, 033101– Published 29 July, 2021
  • Received 7 April 2021
  • Revised 24 June 2021
  • Accepted 28 June 2021
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