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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Hamiltonian model for energy condensation in classical systems: Relevance to proteins

Jordane Preto*

Vania Calandrini

Elena Floriani

Gergely Katona

Marco Pettini

  • Computational Biomedicine (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany

  • *Contact author: jordane.preto@gmail.com
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Phys. Rev. Research 8, L022016 – Published 16 April, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7y7r-hf97

Abstract

Recent experimental evidence for collective protein vibrations in the terahertz (THz) domain indicates that energy in biomolecular systems can self-organize in an orderly manner, as anticipated by Fröhlich's theory of condensates within a quantum framework. As a first step to bridge THz experiments with theory, we study the Hamiltonian dynamics of a classical network of coupled normal modes representing Fröhlich-type systems. Our results demonstrate that biologically relevant condensates can emerge at room temperature under appropriate nonlinear coupling schemes. The condensation mechanism remains robust also when the original Fröhlich resonance conditions are relaxed.

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Phys. Rev. Research 8, L022016– Published 16 April, 2026
  • Received 2 December 2024
  • Accepted 6 March 2026
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