The accuracy of microstructure-based modeling in predicting the mechanical response of particle reinforced aluminum matrix (${\mathrm{SiC}}_{\mathrm{p}}$/Al) composites is primarily determined by the validation of material constitutive parameters. Therefore, the constitutive parameter calibration process and synergistic mechanism of multiphase damage under uniaxial tensile loading in 35 vol.% ${\mathrm{SiC}}_{\mathrm{p}}$/Al composites were systematically investigated through a combined experimental characterization and microstructure-based modeling. Dual-scenarios microstructure-based models of ${\mathrm{SiC}}_{\mathrm{p}}$/Al composites for nanoindentation and uniaxial tension simulations were established based on quantitative morphological statistics obtained from scanning electron microscopy. By integrating linear array nanoindentation testing with microstructure-based inverse finite element analysis, the constitutive parameters for both the matrix and interfacial phases were successfully calibrated, which were subsequently validated through representative volume element (RVE) model for uniaxial tension simulations and experimental verification. Numerical simulations revealed two key findings: (1) The relative accuracy of the elastic modulus in the parameter-calibrated RVE model increased from 38.68% to 87.99% compared to the precalibrated model, while the relative accuracy of tensile strength improved from 81.13% to 98.73%. (2) During damage evolution, initial damage nucleation occurred at particle sharp corner interfaces. Subsequently, cross-phase coupling between matrix shear-induced localized bands and interfacial cracks formed macroscopic fracture bands.

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• Fracture
• Material failure
• Structural properties
• Surface & interfacial phenomena
• Finite-element method