High-quality InAs quantum wells grown on InP are a promising platform for topological quantum information processing due to their large $g\text{−}\mathrm{factor}$, strong Rashba spin-orbit interaction, and their compatibility with in situ deposited superconductors. In this work, we investigate InAs/InGaAs quantum wells grown on InP (001) wafers, focusing on how the layer structure and strain influence the electronic properties and surface morphology. By combining quantum transport measurements with atomic force microscopy, we show that the layer design predominantly affects the mobility anisotropy, which aligns well with the surface morphology. Surface characterization further reveals the mechanism of quantum well collapse when the layer thickness exceeds the strain limit. In addition, transport measurements demonstrate that quantum confinement has a clear impact on band nonparabolicity.

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• High magnetic fields
• Quantum Hall effect
• Quantum transport
• Shubnikov-de Haas effect
• Spin-orbit coupling
• Atomic force microscopy
• Molecular beam epitaxy