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  • Letter

Ultrahigh supercurrent density in a two-dimensional topological material

Qi Zhang1,*,†, Md. Shafayat Hossain1,*,‡, Brian Casas2, Wenkai Zheng2, Zi-Jia Cheng1, Zhuangchai Lai3,4, Yi-Hsin Tu5, Guoqing Chang6, Yao Yao3 et al.

Siyuan Li3, Yu-Xiao Jiang1, Sougata Mardanya5, Tay-Rong Chang5,7,8, Jing-Yang You9, Yuan-Ping Feng9,10, Guangming Cheng11, Jia-Xin Yin1, Nana Shumiya1, Tyler A. Cochran1, Xian P. Yang1, Maksim Litskevich1, Nan Yao11, Kenji Watanabe12, Takashi Taniguchi13, Hua Zhang3,14,15,§, Luis Balicas2, and M. Zahid Hasan1,16,∥

  • 1Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, 08544 New Jersey, USA
  • 2National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
  • 3Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
  • 4Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
  • 5Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, 701 Tainan, Taiwan
  • 6Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
  • 7Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research and Technology (QFort), 701 Tainan, Taiwan
  • 8Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
  • 9Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore
  • 10Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
  • 11Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, 08544 New Jersey, USA
  • 12Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
  • 13International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
  • 14Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
  • 15Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
  • 16Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †qz9@princeton.edu
  • ‡mdsh@princeton.edu
  • §hua.zhang@cityu.edu.hk
  • ∥mzhasan@princeton.edu
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Phys. Rev. Materials 7, L071801 – Published 26 July, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.7.L071801

Abstract

Ongoing advances in superconductors continue to revolutionize technology thanks to the increasingly versatile and robust availability of lossless supercurrents. In particular, high supercurrent density can lead to more efficient and compact power transmission lines, high-field magnets, as well as high-performance nanoscale radiation detectors and superconducting spintronics. Here, we report the discovery of an unprecedentedly high superconducting critical current density (17MA/cm2 at 0 T and 7MA/cm2 at 8 T) in 1T′−WS2, exceeding those of all reported two-dimensional superconductors to date. 1T′−WS2 features a strongly anisotropic (both in- and out-of-plane) superconducting state that violates the Pauli paramagnetic limit signaling the presence of unconventional superconductivity. Spectroscopic imaging of the vortices further substantiates the anisotropic nature of the superconducting state. More intriguingly, the normal state of 1T′−WS2 carries topological properties. The band structure obtained via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations points to a Z2 topological invariant. The concomitance of topology and superconductivity in 1T′−WS2 establishes it as a topological superconductor candidate, which is promising for the development of quantum computing technology.

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Phys. Rev. Materials 7, L071801– Published 26 July, 2023
  • Received 16 January 2023
  • Accepted 16 June 2023
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