Charge transition levels of Ti dopants in oxides: A dielectric-dependent hybrid DFT study
Phys. Rev. Materials 9, 125201 – Published 1 December, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/8kbc-jd62
Abstract
dopants in oxides are known to significantly influence optical and electronic properties, yet a systematic understanding of their defect levels across different hosts remains limited. In this study, we employ dielectric-dependent hybrid density functional theory (PBE0-) to compute the band gaps and charge transition levels (CTLs) in a range of host materials. The calculated CTLs relative to the valence band maxima show good agreement with experimental data, typically deviating by less than , which is considered acceptable given the uncertainties in experimental measurements. By combining these computational results with experimentally derived vacuum-referenced valence band maxima, we construct band diagrams that clarify the energetic positions of Ti-related defects. These results demonstrate the accuracy and predictive power of the PBE0- approach and provide a robust computational framework and valuable reference data for the analysis and design of Ti-doped functional oxides.