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    Machine-learned bond-order potential for exploring the configuration space of carbon

    Ikuma Kohata1,*, Kaoru Hisama2, Keigo Otsuka1, and Shigeo Maruyama1

    • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
    • 2Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano, Nagano 380-8553, Japan

    • *Contact author: kohata@photon.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

    Phys. Rev. Materials 9, 074009 – Published 28 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/73gp-bm46

    Abstract

    Construction of transferable machine-learning interatomic potentials with a minimal number of parameters is important for their general applicability. Here, we present a machine-learning interatomic potential with the functional form of the bond-order potential for comprehensive exploration over the configuration space of carbon. The physics-based design of this potential enables robust and accurate description over a wide range of the potential energy surface with a small number of parameters. We demonstrate the versatility of this potential through validations across various tasks, including phonon dispersion calculations, global structure searches for clusters, phase diagram calculations, and enthalpy-volume mappings of local minima structures. We expect that this potential can contribute to the discovery of novel carbon materials.

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