- Letter
Low temperature two-fluid state in
Phys. Rev. Materials 10, L042001 – Published 9 April, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2jy6-qxm5
Abstract
Comprehensive study using DC transport, specific heat, magnetization, and two-coil mutual inductance measurements unveils an understanding of three temperature regimes in : (i) (), (ii) , and (iii) . Onset of Kondo breakdown below releases disorder-driven magnetic fluctuations, which splits the bulk () and surface Kondo temperature ( 7 K). Below , as magnetic fluctuations subside, surface Kondo screening revives, stabilizing the topological surface state and generating an in-gap feature () across which Dirac-like carriers are excited. Nyquist impedance analysis reveals a crossover from purely capacitive to capacitive-inductive behavior, signalling a disorder-driven two-fluid phase of heavy quasiparticles and light, high-mobility carriers below . We identify a characteristic length scale, , associated with the high-mobility phase, exhibiting an almost divergent trend below . These findings underscore the complex nature of surface conducting state in .