The sought, but previously unobserved, isospin-forbidden particle-decay modes of a $T=2\mathrm{}$ state in a $T_z=0\mathrm{}$ nucleus have been determined by particle-particle coincidence techniques. Proton decays ($\Delta T=1\mathrm{} or 2$) and strong evidence for $\alpha$-particle decays ($\Delta T=2\mathrm{}$) from the $T=2\mathrm{}$ state of ${}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$ were observed and show $\Sigma {\Gamma }_{\mathrm{particle}}\gg {\Gamma }_{\gamma }$.

We show that in the framework of the galactic-halo model, the recent measurements of the electron energy spectrum in the 1- to 350-GeV energy interval are compatible with the presence of a universal blackbody radiation (∼3.5°K). The lifetime of the halo electrons is estimated to be (1.5-3) × ${10}^{15}$ sec.

A restricted generalization of the vector potential $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{A}}$ and the scalar potential $\varphi$ is demonstrated for cases where $\nabla ·\overrightarrow{\mathrm{B}}\ne 0$.

${\mathrm{Kr}}^{81}$, the first detected cosmic-ray-produced radioactive nucleus heavier than the Fe-Ni group, was found to be present in meteorites. The radiation age of the Macibini meteorite is calculated from the measured isotopic composition of krypton. This dating method should be applicable to most stone and stony-iron meteorites.

Evidence is presented for a new ${Y_1}^{*}$ of mass 1680 MeV and width 120 MeV. It is produced in $K^{-}p$ interactions at 5.5 GeV/c and decays mainly into $\Lambda {\pi }^{+}$ and ${Y_1}^{*}\mathrm{}\left(1385\right)\mathrm{}\pi$. The decay rate into ${\overline{K}}^{0}p$ is 0.3±0.2 of the rate into $\Lambda {\pi }^{+}$.

Assuming single-pion exchange in the reaction $\pi +p\to \pi +\pi +B$ where $B$ is the final-state baryon, we have calculated the total ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0$, and ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{-}$ cross sections from the elastic scattering amplitude in the forward direction.

The ring-model approximation is applied to thermal equilibrium below the $\lambda$-point, to the relaxation of a chaotic condensate into the zero-momentum state, and to turbulent counterflow of condensate and normal fluid.

New types of experiments which provide direct checks of the critical-state model of hysteresis in type-II superconductors are described. The observed behavior cannot be accounted for by the critical-state concept.

Angular-correlation measurements of annihilation quanta from spin-polarized positrons reflect marked anisotropy in the momentum-space distribution of electron spins in ferromagnetic nickel. Measurements were made on single crystals oriented in the (100) and (111) directions.

Current-voltage characteristics are presented for pressure contacts between type-II superconductors and normal metals. The characteristics are studied as a function of temperature and magnetic field. A simple model of the phenomenon indicates that, under suitable conditions, a measure of the energy gap at the boundary can be obtained directly from the $I-V$ characteristics.

The magnetization-field-temperature characteristics of Cr${\mathrm{O}}_2$ and nickel just above their ferromagnetic Curie points, though quantitatively very different, are found to obey the same special type of equation of state, which is isomorphic with that recently proposed for the critical-point behavior of a fluid.

Gamma rays from the reaction ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{48}(p, \gamma ){\mathrm{Sc}}^{49}$ have been observed at proton energies corresponding to formation of the ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{49}$ ground-state analog. Gamma-ray intensities have been measured and anomalous behavior is observed.