The linewidth of spontaneous spin-flip Raman scattering in InSb has been measured as a function of magnetic field and scattering geometry. A phenomenological theory that includes both spin and orbital relaxation gives results in qualitative agreement with experiment.

We have observed the transition from ballistic to second sound to diffusive propagation of heat (phonon) pulses in the semimetal bismuth in the temperature range of 1.2 to 4.0 K. The saturated second-sound velocity is found to be independent of orientation and has a a value of (0.78±0.05)×${10}^5$ cm/sec ($\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{3}$ times the Debye velocity). The inverse of the normal process phonon lifetime has a value ${T_N}^{-1\mathrm{}}=4.49\mathrm{}\times {10}^4{T}^4$ ${\sec }^{-1\mathrm{}}$. Scattering due to the hole-phonon interaction is observed for ballistic $L$ modes propagating along the $C_3$ axis.

Energies of isobaric-analog resonances in proton scattering on magic, transitional, and strongly deformed nuclei have been measured with an accuracy of about 15 keV. A simple phenomenological formula describes the deduced Coulomb displacement energies of magic nuclei in the range $A=48\mathrm{} \mathrm{to} 208$ with an average deviation of 8 keV. Deviations from this formula for nonmagic nuclei are explained by the effect of nuclear deformation.

We have searched for the reaction ${\mu }^{-}+\mathrm{Cu}\to e^{+}+\mathrm{Co}$, which is allowed by the lepton conservation scheme that assigns the same lepton number to $e^{-}$, ${\mu }^{+}$, ${\nu }_e$, and ${\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }$. One event was observed which was consistent with the above reaction, while the expected background was ≃ 0.02 events. Although we cannot be certain whether the process was detected, we can set an upper limit on the branching ratio relative to ordinary muon capture of $R<~2.6\times {10}^{-8\mathrm{}}$ (90% confidence level).

Wire spark planes and scintillation counters were used in an experiment designed to measure the correlations among the products of the decay of a stopped $K^{+}$ meson to a muon, neutrino, and pion. The results determined the value of the form-factor ratio as $\xi \mathrm{}\left(0\right)=-0.62\mathrm{}\pm 0.28$. The momentum dependence of the $f_{+}$ form factor was defined by our measured value of ${\lambda }_{+}=0.024\mathrm{}\pm 0.022$ (taking ${\lambda }_{-}=0\mathrm{}$.)

Results are presented of a study of the reaction ${\pi }^{+}p\to {\rho }^{+}p$ at 2.67 GeV/c incident ${\pi }^{+}$ momentum. The contributions due to given spin-parity exchanges are isolated; and, by combining these results with those of a similar ${\pi }^{-}$ experiment, the $I_t=0\mathrm{}$ component of each series is separated. The $\omega$ ($I=0\mathrm{}$, $J^{\mathrm{PG}}=1^{--}$) exchange contribution shows a pronounced dip at $-t=0.4\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$. Evidence is presented for the exchange of a state of minimum quantum numbers, $H$ ($I=0\mathrm{}$, $J^{\mathrm{PG}}=1^{+-}$).

Averaging methods are used to discuss the electron spin motion in a magnetic mirror trap of the sort used in precision $g-2\mathrm{}$ experiments. An expression is obtained for the difference frequency correct up to second order in the field nonuniformity. When applied to the experiments this result removes the discrepancy between the last two precision $g-2\mathrm{}$ measurements and yields a corrected value for the gyromagnetic anomaly: $a=(1\mathrm{}159656.7\pm 3.5)\times {10}^{-9\mathrm{}}$.

Chiral symmetry realizations of the quark-gluon model are considered in the absence of self-energy insertions for the gluon and photon, so the bare fermion mass vanishes. We exhibit the conditions which realize the chiral symmetry with Nambu-Goldstone bosons as bound states. A formal argument indicates that in this model electromagnetic corrections to the strong interactions are then finite to leading order and possibly all orders.

It is shown that pion electroproduction experiments can, in principle, distinguish between a pseudoscalar and a pseudovector pion-nucleon coupling. It is further shown that this is not the case for the corresponding photoproduction experiments.

Two-particle distribution functions are calculated in the diffractive-excitation model and compared with those of the multiperipheral model. Optimum regions for differentiating the predictions of the models are indicated. Decisive, yet feasible, experimental tests are suggested.

Using the finite-dispersion-relation method for treating three-body decays, we find that bounds can be placed upon the coupling strengths of two interfering resonances. A special result is that two narrow interfering coherent (or incoherent) resonances for the $A_2$ meson fail to satisfy a finite-dispersion-relation, finite-energy sum rule for coupling strengths (widths) which follows from the $\eta \to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$ decay rate. This appears to be the first evidence independent of mass distributions indicating that one of the tabulated descriptions of the $A_2$ is wrong.

We construct unified models of weak and electromagnetic interactions using just three gauge fields which correspond to the intermediate vector boson and the photon. These models may be renormalizable, and do not predict processes involving neutral lepton currents.

The resonances of saturation which occur when the mode spacing is equal to the Zeeman splitting are theoretically studied for a mode spacing ≲ the natural width broadened by collisions. Two kinds of resonances occur. The first set, due to a population effect (crossing of holes), is not resolved and is unobservable. The second set, due to a Zeeman coherence effect, is well resolved since the widths of the resonances are of the order of the Hanle-effect width. These resonances are very sensitive to the relative phases of the modes.

The real part of the shear mechanical impedance has been measured for nematic-cholesteric mixtures as a function of concentration. At low concentrations the results are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical expression derived by Brochard.

It is shown experimentally that when a quasiparticle current is converted into a pair current in a superconductor, the quasiparticle potential in the nonequilibrium region differs from the pair chemical potential.

A theory is given of the observable potential difference between pairs and quasiparticles due to the imbalance in the populations of the electronlike and holelike branches of the excitation spectrum of a superconductor, caused by injection of a quasiparticle current.

A quasiperfect crystal of vortex lines was observed by neutron diffraction. The quality of the crystal allows the direct detection and measurement of the relative intensities at the Bragg peaks [10], [20], and [11] (in the reciprocal space of the two-dimensional lattice) and gives, for the first time, the possibility of mapping the magnetic field of the mixed state.

Direct evidence for anisotropic microstructure in evaporated amorphous germanium films has been obtained from small-angle x-ray scattering. Low-density regions have approximate linear dimensions of 22 and 46 Å in the film plane and 2200 Å normal to the film plane for the 7-μm-thick films studied. Their volume fraction is only 1 to 2%, if they are assumed to be voids.

A $T^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ term is found in the resistivity-temperature relationship in the Ni-Pd-P-base amorphous alloys containing iron. This is interpreted as a result of the interference between scattering by magnetic impurities and that by nonmagnetic impurities. In this interpretation, an incoming conduction electron first interacts with the nonmagnetic impurities to form a spin-density fluctuation system which interacts with a magnetic impurity.

Photoemission-energy-distribution measurements of intrinsic surface states for Si, Ge, and GaAs have been made using synchrotron radiation in the 7-25-eV range. Occupied intrinsic surface states with Gaussian-shaped optical densities of states about 0.8 to 1.0 eV wide, centered at 0.75, 0.7, and 1.05 eV below the Fermi level, are observed for Si, Ge, and GaAs, respectively. These bands are centered at about 0.45, 0.75, and 0.5 eV below the valence-band edge $E_v$, respectively, rather than at or above $E_v$ as has been generally concluded.