Strong $L=2\mathrm{}$ transitions to the removal type of quadrupole-pairing vibrational states with $Q=-(8-10)\mathrm{}$ MeV, observed in ($p,t$) reactions on all stable Nd isotopes with 52-MeV protons, are shown to be well accounted for by one-step distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations. Compared with these, the transitions to the $2_1^{}{}_{}{}^{+}$ (addition type of quadrupole pairing) states of $N>~82$ isotopes, which are found to be much weaker and have quite different angular distributions, are shown to be reasonably accounted for in terms of two step coupled-channel Born-approximation calculations.

The transfer of two neutrons and two protons is found to be the dominant reaction process in ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$+${}_{}{}^{90}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ near the Coulomb barrier. The reaction was identified from $\gamma$-ray spectra measured in coincidence with backward-angle charged particles. A band of excited states in the residual nucleus is found to be selectively populated. The energy dependence of the centroid energy of this band is studied and compared with theories of sub-Coulomb transfer reactions.

The excitation functions for the above reactions show evidence for a large statistical conpound-nucleus contribution. In addition, a broad structure (∼1 to 2 MeV) is seen in ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}({}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O},\alpha ){}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$, and narrower correlated resonances (∼300 keV) appear in ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}({}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O},p){}_{}{}^{27}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$, one of them, at $E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}=19.71\mathrm{}$ MeV, having the same position and width as a recently found anomaly in ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$+ ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ elastic and inelastic scattering.

A solution for the gravitational field is presented, which reduces to one of the Weyl metrics in the limit of angular momentum $J=0\mathrm{}$ and reduces to the Kerr metric in the limit of $J=m^2$.

The frequency and wavelength of the methane-stabilized laser at 3.39 μm were directly measured against the respective primary standards. With infrared frequency synthesis techniques, we obtain $\nu =88.376\mathrm{}181627\left(50\right)\mathrm{}$ THz. With frequency-controlled interferometry, we find $\lambda =3.392\mathrm{}231376\left(12\right)\mathrm{}$ μm. Multiplication yields the speed of light $c=299\mathrm{}792456.2\left(1.1\right)\mathrm{}$ m/sec, in agreement with and 100 times less uncertain than the previously accepted value. The main limitation is asymmetry in the krypton 6057-Å line defining the meter.

One can generate certain special solutions to the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation, $\exp [\pm i{S}_{\pm }\mathrm{}(x\left)\right]$, such that $S_{\pm }\mathrm{}\left(x\right)\mathrm{}$ and derivatives are computationally unique, slowly varying, and do not have oscillatory or steplike behavior associated with the de Broglie wavelength. This leads to a method for accurate numerical solution which has all the advantages of high computational speed and conceptual simplicity of the JWKB approximation—of which it is the extension to an exact solution.

Results of a high-statistics study of ${\pi }^{+}+p\to {\rho }^{+}+p$ at 1.55-1.84 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$ are consistent with dominance of $\pi$ and $\omega$ exchange close to threshold. A pronounced dip in ${{\rho }_{00}}^s\frac{d\sigma }{\mathrm{dt}}$ at $-t\simeq 0.4$ Ge${\mathrm{V}}^2$ may be attributed to pion exchange with strong absorption.

The inclusive cross section for low-mass muon pair photoproduction has been measured in the deep inelastic region. The measured cross section is much larger than that expected for one-photon (Bethe-Heitler) processes. This result may be additional evidence for pointlike structure (partons) in nucleons. The experimental results are compared with the parton model of Bjorken and Paschos. The value of the cross section predicted by this model is too low.

The angular distribution of photodisintegration products, previously resolved into contributions with different angular momentum transfers ${\overrightarrow{\mathrm{j}}}_t={\overrightarrow{\mathrm{j}}}_{\gamma }-1\mathrm{}$, is analyzed further according to the parity of $j_t$. Odd values of $j_t+j_{\gamma }+l$ correspond to parity-unfavored transitions which result from effectively pseudotensor interactions with the unobserved fragments. In electric dipole processes, these transitions yield an angular distribution with the fixed asymmetry parameter ${\beta }_{\mathrm{unf}}=-1\mathrm{}$ while the distribution of parity-favored transitions consists of three standard functions weighted by dynamical factors.

By means of a coincidence technique we have studied the distribution in scattering angle and inelastic energy loss of protons which have ionized the $K$ shell in a collision with an atom. At low proton velocities, the angular distribution may be interpreted as an impact-parameter dependence and compared to semiclassical calculations. In particular, the predicted importance of the adiabatic distance, $r_{\mathrm{ad}}=\frac{v}{\omega }$, is confirmed.

Using the spatial decay of quantum beats, we have succeeded in suppressing optical cascading effects in the mean-life measurements of levels in foil-excited O II ions. This straightforward technique may be applied to any excited level with total angular momentum $J>\mathrm{}\frac{1}{2}$ and a lifetime within the range of the beam-foil technique. With the present method, mean lives are obtained in terms of the Landé $g$ factors and an external magnetic field, instead of the customary particle speed and decay length.

Low-loss, coherent two-photon propagation and pulse breakup with peak amplification are observed resulting from two-photon resonant self-induced transparency of different-frequency optical pulses interacting with a three-level system in potassium vapor. Theoretical analysis yielding new area equations for two different-frequency pulses with computer solutions agrees well with the observed results.

The plasma confinement times were studied in the levitated spherator FM-1 as a function of the electron density and electron temperature. It was found that below approximately 1 eV, the plasma confinement time is proportional to $\frac{{T_e}^m}{n_e}(\frac{1}{2}<~m<~\frac{3}{4})$ with an absolute confinement time 4-6 times below the classical confinement time. Above 1 eV the confinement time decreases as ${T_e}^{-1}$ with an absolute confinement of 300 times the so-called Bohm diffusion time.

A parametric instability is observed at frequencies close to and above the lower hybrid-resonance frequency. The threshold occurs when the electron drift velocity is of the order of the plasma sound speed. At pump-power levels well above threshold the energy in the decay waves is comparable to that associated with the pump wave.

The normal-incidence specular-reflection spectrum of liquid $\alpha -\mathrm{m}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{p}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}$ was obtained for the wavelength region from 215 to 400 nm. Comparison of the Kramers-Kronig transform of the reflection spectrum with the absorption spectrum of $\alpha -\mathrm{m}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{p}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}$ is cyclohexane shows the bands of the neat-liquid spectrum shift to lower energy and display significant broadening. These effects support the existence of excitons in molecular liquids.

Turbulent-heating experiments have been carried out in a linear machine with a driving gas of helium mixed with 7% argon in order to see the mass dependence of ion heating. Observation of optical line broadening of the ions showed that both kinds of ions were heated almost simultaneously by almost the same amount during the process. Several mechanisms for ion heating are examined on the basis of the experimental results obtained.

The resonance of charge carriers trapped under the surface of He II is observed at 200 MHz. The effective masses are found to be ${m_{+}}^{*}=(45\mathrm{}\pm 2)m_4$ and ${m_{-}}^{*}=(76\mathrm{}\pm 2)m_4$, where $m_4$ is a bare ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ mass. The ionic radii are deduced to be $R_{+}=6.0\mathrm{}\pm 0.1$ Å and $R_{-}=11.4\mathrm{}\pm 0.1$ Å.

We have observed cyclotron resonance from electrons in two-dimensional states outside liquid helium. Their resonant frequency depends only on the perpendicular component of the applied magnetic field, and their observed mobility is that expected for electrons scattered parallel to the liquid surface in only two dimensions.

The electrical resistance of two sealed samples of critical mixtures of isobutyric acid-water have been measured in the reduced temperature ranges [$\epsilon =\frac{T-T_c)}{T_c}$] $6.7\times {10}^{-7\mathrm{}}<\epsilon <3.2\mathrm{}\times {10}^{-2\mathrm{}}$ and $3.3\times {10}^{-7\mathrm{}}<\epsilon <6.6\mathrm{}\times {10}^{-2\mathrm{}}$. Data analyses indicate that the temperature derivative of the resistance is strongly divergent as $\epsilon \to 0$.