We suggest that $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3.1\right)\mathrm{}$ and $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3.7\right)\mathrm{}$ are a bound state and resonance, respectively, of the ${\Omega }^{-}{\overline{\Omega }}^{+}$ system, with decay of $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3.1\right)\mathrm{}$ predominantly into three $\lambda \overline{\lambda }$ mesons. Conventional hadronic couplings may then be adopted, with the small $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3.1\right)\mathrm{}$ width an automatic consequence of the bound-state nature and the small $Q$ values of these decays. Branching ratios of $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3.1\right)\mathrm{}$ and $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3.7\right)\mathrm{}$ are calculated and crucial tests of the model pointed out.

The separated-oscillatory-field technique of subnatural-linewidth rf spectroscopy has been used to completely resolve the hyperfine structure of the $2{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}P_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ state of hydrogen. The three-component $2{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}S_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}-2\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}P_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ resonance observed in zero magnetic field was fitted by a superposition of numerically obtained line profiles to determine the hyperfine spliting of the $2{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}P_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ state. The result is 59.22(14) MHz.

The Lamb shifts of the $2{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}S$ and $2{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P_1^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ levels in He I and Li II have been calculated by a method of effective-oscillator-strength sums. The computed shifts are in a good agreement with experiment. For Li II, the theoretical Lamb shift of the $2{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P_1^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ level is +0.291 ±0.041 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ to be compared with the experimental value of +0.230±0.060 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ derived from the $2{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}S-2\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P_1^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ interval measured by Bacis and Berry. A significant Lamb shift of ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P$ levels is attributed to an anomalously low electron density at the nucleus in these states.

The first measurements of fluctuations observed with both negative-ion and second-sound probes in turbulent He II are reported. Data on the distributions are well matched by Gaussian functions. An ${\omega }^{-}$ component, and well-defined relaxation times which depend on the heat flux, are found in the spectral intensity.

The interaction between the electron-cyclotron emissions at $(n+\frac{1}{2}){\Omega }_e$ and the ring-curent protons is studied by using the linear-response theory of a turbulent plasma. The effective turbulent collisions come from the decay interactions between the electron-cyclotron turbulence and electrostatic ion-cyclotron waves. The ion-cyclotron waves generated by the generalized parametric resonance are effective for the loss of the ring-current protons. The critical electron-cyclotron-turbulence amplitude is consistent with the observed value.

A nonlinear model of the collisional trapped-ion mode is presented, in which the energy in long-wavelength instabilities is transferred to short-wavelength modes which are then damped by ion-bounce resonances. Near marginal stability, the saturation of a single unstable Fourier mode is computed. Far from marginal stability, steady-state nonlinear solitary waves containing many Fourier modes are found. Particle transport is estimated in both cases.

We report partial densities of states of overlapping bandlike $p$ states and localized $d$ states in several insulating transition-metal oxides which have been determined from frequency-dependent photoemission spectra taken in the range 5-90 eV. We observe that $p$-band features become weak relative to $d$-state and satellite features at high frequencies, i.e., at x-ray photoemission frequencies. Partial $d$-state densities together with a ligandfield description are reported which give a basis for evaluating recent theoretical descriptions of transition-metal oxides.

Ultraviolet photoelectron spectra using He I resonance radiation and Ge(111) surfaces have been measured for both bonding and nonbonding orbitals. In all cases the partial photocurrent from a specific orbital is considerably enhanced for the macroscopic electric field normal to the surface independent of the orbital symmetry. This is interpreted in terms of an anomalous enhancement of the dielectric response due to surface polarization charge within the short electron escape depth (${\lambda }_e\lesssim 10$ Å) at these energies.

The parity-nonconserving asymmetry of the 110-keV de-excitation radiation emitted by a polarized ensemble of ${}_{}{}^{19}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ nuclei in the first excited state is found to be $\delta =-(1.8\mathrm{}\pm 0.9)\times {10}^{-4\mathrm{}}$.

We have measured the $K$-electron-emission probability for the 76-keV $\beta$ decay of ${}_{}{}^{151}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$ and obtain $P_K=(2.4\mathrm{}\pm 0.3)\times {10}^{-6\mathrm{}}$. We correct an earlier measurement to $P_K=(2.3\mathrm{}\pm 0.3)\times {10}^{-6\mathrm{}}$. From the agreement with the Law-Campbell shakeoff-plus-shakeup prediction, 2.2×${10}^{-6\mathrm{}}$, the direct collision contribution to the $K$ emission is limited to $\sim \frac{1}{3}$ of the Feinberg prediction, contrary to recent claims. We obtain an $L$—x-ray probability due to $L$-electron shakeoff per $\beta$ decay of (5.4±1.0) × ${10}^{-4\mathrm{}}$, about half the theoretical value, and also some indication that $L$ shakeoff is predominantly $L_1$.

In 2.5×${10}^8$ interactions of 1.1- to 1.6-GeV/nucleon ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ar}$ ions with a Pb target we saw no tracks of products with $Z>\mathrm{}20\mathrm{}$ ejected in the beam direction, using a Lexan detector stack. The upper limit on the formation cross section is about 50 nb for products with $26\lesssim Z\lesssim 40$ and increases with $Z$ to about 1.5 μ b for $Z=100\mathrm{}$.

The Einstein-Maxwell equations for systems of particles possessing electric and magnetic charge are considered. The consequences of the linear and nonlinear theories are contrasted, by considering a known class of exact solutions. In particular, for these systems of dually charged particles, angular momentum quantization leads to charge quantization only in the linear theory. Furthermore, if "strut" singularities are excluded, then isolated magnetic monopoles are forbidden in these solutions by nonlinear gravitational effects.

We studied $K^{+}p$ interactions at 100 GeV with the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber and associated spark-chamber system. We find ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{tot}}\left(K^{+}p\right)=18.7\mathrm{}\pm 1.8$ mb and ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{el}}\left(K^{+}p\right)=2.0\mathrm{}\pm 0.4$ mb. We present the charged-multiplicity distribution and its moments, and the charge-transfer distribution. The average inelastic charged multiplicity is $〈n_c〉=6.65\mathrm{}\pm 0.31$ and the two-charged-particle correlation functions are ${f_2}^{\mathrm{cc}}=4.52\mathrm{}\pm 1.32$ and ${f_2}^{--}=0.47\mathrm{}\pm 0.35$.

We have observed fourteen events in which two muons are produced by high-energy neutrino and antineutrino interactions. The absence of trimuon events and the observed characteristics of the dimuon events require the existence of one or more new massive particles that decay through the weak interaction. The new particle mass is estimated to lie between 2 and 4 GeV.

It is proposed to connect the new narrow resonance with a $d$-wave bound state of the $\Omega \overline{\Omega }$ system where annihilation may be sufficiently suppressed by the centrifugal barrier. The width is estimated on the basis of a similar estimate for the $\varphi$ and $\rho$. As an alternative, the possibility of relating the $\psi$ and ${\psi }^{\prime }$ to a two-nucleon, two-antinucleon system is discussed.

We suggest that the two recently observed narrow resonances $J\left(3108\mathrm{} \mathrm{MeV}\right)$ and $J\left(3695\mathrm{} \mathrm{MeV}\right)$ be identified with the two neutral members of a U(3) triplet of $W$ bosons mediating the weak interactions and enjoying a strong pairwise interaction with hadrons. This model was proposed by Okubo, Ryan, and Marshak in 1964 to explain the large mass of the $W$ bosons and the $\Delta I=\frac{1}{2}$ selection rule in nonleptonic decays.

The narrow $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ resonances $\psi (3.1\mathrm{} \mathrm{GeV}/c^2)$ and $\psi (3.7\mathrm{} \mathrm{GeV}/c^2)$ are used to test quark models: SU(3) ⊗ SU(3)′ encompasses them readily but also predicts four more such states; SU(4) includes more than one state only by extension to ($q\overline{q} q\overline{q}$) representations; the two-triplet model encounters severe difficulties; and scalar colored quarks seem practically excluded. The importance of photoproduction, especially of charged counterparts, is emphasized.

We present a gauge model in which parity and ${\left[\mathrm{SU}\mathrm{}\right(2)\mathrm{}\otimes \mathrm{Y}]}_W$ are spontaneously broken. Three neutral Higgs particles couple directly to $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ (${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$) with coupling strengths proportional to a heavy-electron (muon) mass. Identification of two Higgs particles with $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ resonances at 3.105 and 3.695 GeV limits the two heavy-lepton masses to 1-3 GeV. The heavy leptons are not produced by ${\nu }_L$ beams, but have sequential signature in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ production.

Oscillations in the low-energy noble-gas ion-scattering cross sections versus primary ion energy have been observed for a number of solid surfaces. This behavior is ascribed to resonant electron exchange between electronic states of the surface atom and the primary ion. The oscillations are sensitive to the particular electronic energy levels and to the chemical environment of the surface atom.

We report the first observation of Doppler-free two-photon absorption in a molecule using two fixed-frequency infrared optical fields in combination with molecular Stark tuning. The coincidences of the $P14\mathrm{}$ and $P30\mathrm{}$ lines of two oppositely directed cw C${\mathrm{O}}_2$ lasers at 9.4 μm with the $R{(1, 1)}_{0\to {\nu }_3}$ and $R{(2, 1)}_{{\nu }_3\to 2{\nu }_3}$ lines of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$${\mathrm{H}}_3$F are used to measure the pressure-broadening coefficient ($\Delta {\nu }_p=41.3\mathrm{}\pm 1.0$ MHz/Torr) and pressure shift ($\Delta {\nu }_s=2.1\mathrm{}\pm 0.1$ MHz/Torr) of the $0\to 2{\nu }_3$ transition.