Rayleigh and resonance scattering allow spatially resolved measurements of the neutral density and temperature in a plasma. While resonance scattering often is disturbed by line radiation of the plasma, this can be overcome by observation of near-resonant Rayleigh scattering. We performed scattering experiments at the 587.6-nm helium line using a flashlamp-pumped dye laser. The spectral dependence of the Rayleigh cross section and the polarization of the scattered light agree with theory.

The diamagnetism of a model disordered system is calculated for low temperatures. If the magnetic field is not too large, the diamagnetic susceptibility per electron is large and proportional to $T^{\frac{-2\mathrm{}}{5}}$. For large fields, however, this susceptibility rapidly decreases. A new variational method is used to obtain these results.

New NMR resonances in bulk ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}-A$ have been investigated. These appear in both longitudinal and transverse modes as small satellites on the low-frequency sides of the already-well-studied resonances predicted by theory. We find that the satellite frequencies in the two modes have slightly different temperature dependences. We also find that the satellites are enhanced by rapid temperature changes and are suppressed in a confined geometry.

I suggest that the Kohn anomaly in tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF-TCNQ) occurs in C-H (or C-D) molecular modes rather than in an acoustic phonon. Structure-factor calculations explain why neutron-scattering results from protonated and deuterated samples are very different. A tentative identification of the involved modes is consistent with the TCNQ chains' ordering at $T=54\mathrm{}$ K and the TTF chains' ordering at $T=47\mathrm{}$ K. A similar analysis of ${\mathrm{K}}_2$[${\mathrm{Pt}\left(\mathrm{CN}\right)\mathrm{}}_4$]${\mathrm{Br}}_{0.3}$ · 3.2${\mathrm{D}}_2$O verifies that the anomaly occurs in the longitudinal acoustic phonon.

Modulation was used in a transient nutation experiment to remove dipolar splitting. We calculate this new effect and demonstrate it for an isolated two-spin system. The relatively simple technique works efficiently for line narrowing in polycrystalline solids and preliminary results indicate that it should be useful for uncovering chemical-shift and heternuclear-coupling information obscured by homonuclear broadening.

Two-dimensional angular correlation of two $\gamma \text{'}s$ from positrons annihilating in aluminum have been measured with a multidetector apparatus and compared with momentum densities based on orthogonal-plane-wave electron wave functions. Anisotropy in the momentum distributions and direct evidence for annihilation with the high-momentum components of the conduction band are found.

Results are reported on the dependence of the current of a pulsed ion beam produced in a reflex triode upon the applied resistive voltage in the range 0.6 to 1.3 MV. The measured peak ion current at the maximum voltage tested is 20 kA, corresponding to a current density of 200 ${\mathrm{A}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^3$.

The "excess" solar oblateness in 1966 and the periodicity in the residuals (most of the variance) can be described as a signal due to an approximately ellipsoidal sun rotating with a 12.2-day period, the major axis being tilted 85° ± 1° from the solar axis. This result, independent of physical interpretation, precludes an explanation for the solar oblateness as a "brightness signal" due to the appearance of facular clusters at the solar limb.

Upper and lower bounds on the widths for ${\chi }_J\to \gamma \psi \mathrm{}\left(3095\right)\mathrm{}$ can be estimated by assuming $E1\mathrm{}$ transitions and approximate Russell-Saunders coupling for the $c\overline{c}$ system. Experimental widths for $\psi \mathrm{}\left(3684\right)\mathrm{}\to \gamma {\chi }_J$ make the lower bound more restrictive, giving radiative widths of 160 → 240, 230 → 400, and 280 → 480 keV for 3414-, 3508-, and 3552-MeV states, respectively. Cascade branching ratio data permit estimation of the total widths as > 1.6, 0.3-1.5, and 0.6-4 MeV, respectively.

Measurements of inclusive hadron processes of the type $a+p\to b+\cdots$ have been made at energies of 50 to 175 GeV for Feynman $x$ in the range 0.75 to 0.95 and $-t\text{'}\mathrm{s}$ up to 0.65 ${\mathrm{GeV}}^2$. The invariant cross sections are satisfactorily parameterized by a simple form derived from Regge theory.

We report the 24-GeV/c inclusive ${\pi }^{-}$ yield near ${\theta }_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}=90\mathrm{}°$ for $0.5<~P_T\lesssim 2.2$ GeV/c. No high-$P_T$ excess is seen at this energy. In addition we have obtained the inclusive $\gamma$-ray yield from a measurement of low-mass $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ pairs. This yield is compared with that expected from ${\pi }^0$-, $\eta$-, and $\omega$-meson decay, to provide limits on possible direct photon production.

We find significant direct $e^{+}$ production in hadron collisions at 10, 15, and 24 GeV/c and direct $e^{-}$ production at 24 GeV/c, at ${\theta }_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}=90\mathrm{}°$ at $0.5<~P_T<~1.5$ GeV/c. The $\frac{e}{\pi }$ ratio rises at low $P^T$, and in all cases exceeds the level predicted from known sources for $P_T\lesssim 1$ GeV/c.

Measurements of the dependence on $s={(p_a+p_b)}^2$ of the cross sections for single charged hadron production in the reactions $a+b\to c+$ anything over the range $4\mathrm{Ge}\frac{\mathrm{V}}{c}<~p_a^{}{}_{}{}^{\mathrm{lab}}<~250\mathrm{Ge}\frac{\mathrm{V}}{c}$ are presented. Particle $c$ is detected in a fixed interval of laboratory momentum and angle in the fragmentation region of the target proton. For the energy range studied there are significant departures from $A+B{s}^{\frac{-1\mathrm{}}{2}}$ energy dependence. Fits to the $s$ dependence of the cross-sections are extrapolated to $s^{\frac{-1\mathrm{}}{2}}=0\mathrm{}$ to make seven independent tests of Pomeron factorization.

The study of high-spin states in ${}_{}{}^{189,191,193}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Au}$ revealed that the $h_{\frac{11}{2}}$ proton-hole rotation-aligned bands are terminated by isomeric ${\frac{27}{2}}^{-}$ states most probably of ${\left(\pi h_{\frac{11}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{-3\mathrm{}}\right)}_{{\frac{27}{2}}^{-}}$ configuration. The relatively low excitation energies of these isomers can be understood qualitatively if the concept of blocking as used in the rotation-alignment model is modified by taking into account a reduction of the proton pairing gap energy in these odd-mass Au nuclei.

Inelastic neutron scattering data presented for 2.5-MeV neutrons bombarding ${}_{}{}^{152}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$ evince the direct excitation of rotational $2^{+}$, $4^{+}$, $6^{+}$, and $8^{+}$ levels of this deformed nucleus. The measured scattering cross sections for these levels are very much larger than can be ascribed to a statistical model mechanism. Coupled-channels calculations of the inelastic scattering cross sections also fall well below the observed enhancements for the $4^{+}$ and $6^{+}$ levels.

Examination of the ground-state transitions of the ($p,t$) and ($p,{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$) reactions on all $T_z=\frac{1}{2}$ nuclei from ${}_{}{}^{21}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ through ${}_{}{}^{39}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{K}$ reveals a systematic suppression of the $S=1\mathrm{}$, $T=0\mathrm{}$ component of the ($p,{}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$) transfer cross sections which is not explained in terms of current structure and reaction theories.

The coupling between adiabatic channels can be partially transformed away. The transformation need not induce any transition between channels; but it correlates the radial wave functions and their gradients with the channel functions and it depresses the lower effective potentials, as the energy increases, in accordance with empirical evidence.

We have measured the zero-energy $P$-wave pion-nucleus interaction for Pd ($Z=46\mathrm{}$) using the pionic-atom nuclear-resonance effect. The observed ratios of selected pionic x-ray intensities for two isotopes of Pd imply that the interaction is repulsive for this value $Z$, in contrast to its observed attractive nature for $Z<~30$. This change in the $P$-wave pion-nucleus interaction is in agreement with a previously untested theoretical prediction.

The classic technique of Andronikashvili has been used to determine the superfluid density of the $A$ and $B$ phases of superfluid ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$. In the anisotropic $A$ phase, the texture of the fluid is controlled through the interaction between the boundary condition on the $\overrightarrow{l}$ vector and an externally applied magnetic field. Comparison of measurements made for different textures clearly establish the anistropy of the superfluid density tensor for ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}-A$.

An x-ray standing-wave-field apparatus has been constructed that demonstrates an impurity atomic position resolution of ∼0.02 Å. The method is applied to the measurement of ion-implantation-induced lattice relaxation. It is pointed out that the method is also suited to determine surface impurity locations perpendicular to crystal surfaces.