Superheavy elements have been searched for by neutron-induced fission of mass-separated samples in the monazite ore. Fissioning masses have been collected in the 294-361 mass region. No evidence for superheavy elements has been found at a level of ${10}^{-12\mathrm{}}$ g/g in this ore.

We present the first calculations of differential cross sections for elastic proton-deuteron scattering using a three-body formalism which correctly takes into account the Coulomb repulsion between the two protons.

The generation of coherent radiation of 53.2 nm by fifth-harmonic conversion of laser pulses at 266.1 nm in both Ne and He is reported.

A polarity-reversed ${10}^{12}$-W relativistic-electron-beam generator operating in the self-pinched mode is used to produce and propagate intense proton beams. Charge-neutralized beams of 30-50 ns duration consisting of over 4 × ${10}^{16}$ 0.5-0.8-MeV protons distributed over a 120-${\mathrm{cm}}^2$ cross-sectional area are routinely produced. The 150-200-kA average ion currents deduced from these measurements are in good agreement with theoretical calculations.

Selective ion-cyclotron-resonance acceleration of individual K, Ne, Cl, A, and Xe isotopes has been observed in plasmas of density ${10}^9$ to ${10}^{11}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{-3\mathrm{}}$. Energy discriminating probes show good resolution of accelerated species in all cases. Mass spectrometer analyses of potassium samples, collected on cooled tungsten ribbons, showed ${}_{}{}^{41}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{K}$ to ${}_{}{}^{39}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{K}$ abundance ratios of 4 rather than the normal value of 0.07.

We report the first precise study of atomic mobility through a second-order phase transition. Simultaneous measurement of the ionic conductivity $\sigma$ and the specific heat near the 208-K transition of Rb ${\mathrm{Ag}}_4$${\mathrm{I}}_5$ establishes an accurate proportionality between $\ln \sigma$ and the ordering enthalpy $h$. This is interpreted using a many-body theory which treats local order beyond the mean-field approximation and in which the constant of proportionality is determined by microscopic details of the interaction among the mobile defects.

The ruby $R_2$-line intensity at 2.1 K is observed to be nearly quadratically depedent on the $R_1$ intensity, indicative of strongly bottlenecked 29-${\mathrm{cm}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ phonons generated by the $2\overline{A}\left({}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}E\right)\to \overline{E}\left({}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}E\right)$ decay in the optical pumping cycle. The spectral width of the phonon excitation is probed by separating the degenerate phonon packets in a magnetic field and monitoring the decrease of the bottlenecking.

Analysis of the diffuse x-ray scattering in the one-dimensional ionic conductor ${\mathrm{K}}_{1.54}$-${\mathrm{Mg}}_{0.77}$ ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{7.23}$ ${\mathrm{O}}_{16}$ (hollandite) yields a detailed microscopic picture of the cationic shortrange order. This order is characterized by large shifts of some ions off their crystallographic sites, evidencing that in a superionic conductor the ion-ion interaction may be stronger than the periodic potential of the host crystal.

We present a physically simple but general argument that explains the phonon anomalies and their interrelation to high $T_c\text{'}\mathrm{s}$ in transition-metal compounds. It is shown that covalent-bond formation due to hybridization of metal $d \left(T_{2g}\right)$ states and nonmetal $p$ states near $E_F$ leads to a resonancelike increase of the nonlocal dielectric function. This anomalous increase of the screening produces the phonon softening and explains the interrelation with the high $T_c\text{'}\mathrm{s}$ as resulting from a simultaneous increase of the electron-phonon matrix elements and a decrease in the phonon energies.

X-ray photoemission spectra of W core levels and valence band in transparent and in situ uv-colored amorphous W${\mathrm{O}}_3$ films show that coloration is related to the existence of occupied electronic ${\mathrm{W}}^{5+}$ states situated ∼2 eV above the valence band and localized on some tungsten sites. It is shown that x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and optical data are understood if one considers the formation of a hydrogen-tungsten-bronze-like compound during uv irradiation.

A Bloch model Hamiltonian for an electron is an external electric field is solved exactly. This enables a rigorous discussion of the Stark ladder, which has been a controversial subject for some time. It is shown that the Stark ladder states are resonances. An explicit expression for the resonance width is obtained.

NMR $T_1\text{'}\mathrm{s}$ are reported for ${}_{}{}^7{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ and ${}_{}{}^{27}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$ in $\beta$-LiAlSi${\mathrm{O}}_4$ which show a frequency-independent minimum as a function of temperature. The anomalous frequency independence is interpreted in terms of highly correlated one-dimensional ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$ motion together with an order-disorder transition believed to occur above 500°C.

The electrical resistivity of potassium has been measured with high accuracy between 4.2 and 1.1 K. At temperatures above 2 K the dominant term is of the form $T{\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{\theta }{T}}$, with $\theta =19.9\mathrm{}\pm 0.2$ K, which is due to electron-phonon scattering under phonon-drag conditions. At temperatures below 2 K a weak dependence of the form $A{T}^s$ is dominant, where $s$ is between 1 and 2. Tentatively one could ascribe this term to electron-electron scattering.

The critical behavior of one-dimensional ferromagnetic chains with isotropic long-range interactions between $n$-component spins is investigated near the critical range of $r^{-2\mathrm{}}$. Different formulations of the renormalization group are used for $n>\mathrm{}1\mathrm{}$ and $n=1\mathrm{}$. It is shown that the behavior is quite different in the two cases, with very close analogies to the short-range problem near two dimensions. Critical exponents are calculated to first order.

We have observed muon pairs with effective masses in the range $7<~M_{\mu \mu }<~11$ GeV/${\mathit{c}}^2$ produced by 300- and 400-GeV protons incident on a Cu target at Fermilab. The production cross section per nucleon, $\frac{d\sigma }{d{M}_{\mu \mu }}$, for 400-GeV incident protons is found to fall from 1 × ${10}^{-36\mathrm{}}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^2$/(GeV/${\mathit{c}}^2$) at $M_{\mu \mu }=7.7\mathrm{}$ GeV/${\mathit{c}}^2$ to 2.7 × ${10}^{-38\mathrm{}}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^2$/(GeV/${\mathit{c}}^2$) at $M_{\mu \mu }=11.2\mathrm{}$ GeV/${\mathit{c}}^2$. We find that a significant fraction of the observed direct single muons come from high-mass dimuons.

Recent data on high-energy elastic and threshold inelastic electron scattering are shown to provide a sensitive test of the constituent nature of the target. Present evidence seems to support a quark description at these energies but mitigates against a naive dimensional-scaling argument.

An optical-model analysis of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ + ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ elastic scattering from $E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}=35\mathrm{} \mathrm{to} 63$ MeV indicates a sensitivity of the scattering cross section at large scattering angles (${\theta }_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}\sim 50°-90\mathrm{}°$) to a region of internuclear separation extending in to $r\sim 2$ fm. Real nuclear potentials obtained with the folding model and a realistic interaction fit the data remarkably well. This suggests that the nuclear potential for ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ + ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ in the region of large overlap is significantly deeper than would be expected on the basis of previous analyses of systems such as ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ + ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$.

For nuclei in the region of of 126 protons and 228 neutrons we use the macroscopic-microscopic method to calculate fission barriers, $\alpha$-decay energies, and $\beta$-decay energies, as well as half-lives with respect to spontaneous fission and $\alpha$ decay. The nucleus ${}_{}{}^{354}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{}\left[126\right]\mathrm{}$ is found to be $\beta$ stable, but its spontaneous-fission half-life is only 39 ms and its $\alpha$-decay half-life is only 18 yr.

In the electric field ionization of highly excited $s$, $p$, and $d$ states of Na, we have observed one, two, and three ionization thresholds, respectively, reflecting the number of high-field $\left|m_l\right|$ states coming from the $s$, $p$, and $d$ states. Our observations indicate that the passage from low to intermediate field is adiabatic, and as a consequence we are able to achieve selective ionization of essentially degenerate low-field $\left|m_l\right|$ fine-structure levels.

A neutral-beam-sustained plasma in the $2XIIB$ mirror machine is stabilized by hydrogen gas ionized at one mirror. Peak plasma energy densities that exceed the energy density of the vacuum field ($\hat{\beta }\equiv \frac{8{\hat{n}}_{\mathrm{D}}{\overline{E}}_{\mathrm{D}}}{B_{\mathrm{vac}}^{}{}_{}{}^2}\gtrsim 1$) are achieved with deuterons of average energy ${\overline{E}}_{\mathrm{D}}\approx 9$ keV, peak density ${\hat{n}}_{\mathrm{D}}\approx 1.5\times {10}^{14}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{-3\mathrm{}}$, in a magnetic field $B_{\mathrm{vac}}=0.56\mathrm{}$ T. These high $\beta \text{'}\mathrm{s}$ are sustained for the duration of gas and neutral-beam injection, with no evidence of a $\beta$ limit.