In this Letter it is shown that quasiatomiclike Auger spectra in narrow-band metals are a direct result of electron correlation effects. It is shown that if the "on-site" Coulomb interaction is much larger than the one-electron-band width, the Auger spectrum consists of an intense narrow atomiclike peak together with a weak broad bandlike peak at higher kinetic energy. On the other hand, if the Coulomb interaction is small the Auger spectrum will resemble the convolution of the band density of states convoluted with itself.

X-ray measurements on the quasi one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet TTF-(tetrathiafulvalenium-)Cu${\mathrm{S}}_4$${\mathrm{C}}_4$${\left(\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{F}}_3\right)}_4$ reveal a new crystallographic phase below $T_0=11\mathrm{}$ K in which spin-½ TT${\mathrm{F}}^{+}$ units are paired. The temperature dependence of the order parameter below 11 K is accurately given by the BCS gap equation. Unexpectedly, the pairing is found along a diagonal direction in the ${\overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}}_F-{\overrightarrow{\mathrm{c}}}_F$ plane rather than along the molecular stacking axis ${\overrightarrow{\mathrm{c}}}_F$. Furthermore, strong diffuse scattering dominates the x-ray cross section at the dimerization superlattice positions for temperatures as high as 225 K.

The charge on some small tungsten particles was measured to test for the presence of fractional excess charges. In a sample of 3×${10}^{-10\mathrm{}}$ g, or ${10}^{12}$ atoms, of tungsten, no excess charges of $+\frac{1}{3}e$ or $-\frac{1}{3}e$ were found.

A new three-body mechanism is proposed, which leads naturally to narrow states at energies easily calculable via a simple analytic formula. This (zero-parameter) formula predicts over a score of narrow resonances in remarkable coincidence with experiment.

Comparing hadron-deuteron and hadron-hadron data for various energies and reactions, we study the time development of hadronic matter and in particular test the Abramovskii-Gribov-Kancheli rules.

Differential cross sections have been measured for $\overline{p}p\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}$ (1) and its line-reversed partner ${\pi }^{+}p\to p{\pi }^{+}$ (2) in the range $t_{min}>t>-1.5\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$ at 6 GeV/c. Clear structure is seen in the differential cross section for Reaction (1) at $t\sim -0.4\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$. However, this feature is quite different from the striking dip seen in (2) at $t\sim -0.15\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$, indicating a failure of line reversal and disagreement with simple Regge models.

New data are reported on high-energy antineutrino interactions obtained using the Fermilab 15-ft bubble chamber filled with a light neon-hydrogen mixture. The new data support a gentle energy dependence for the $y$ distribution consistent with the trend of the existing data, but show no evidence for a marked energy threshold. The data for $〈x〉$ and $〈v〉=〈\mathrm{xy}〉$ show some decrease with increasing energy which may be related to scaling deviations measured in electron and muon experiments.

We have searched for superheavy elements 110 to 116 with half-lives between ${10}^4$ and ${10}^8$ s in fractions chemically separated after each of a series of bombardments of ${}_{}{}^{248}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cm}$ made with 267-MeV ${}_{}{}^{48}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ ions. After 6 months of $\alpha$ and spontaneous-fission counting, our results provide no persuasive evidence for the presence for the presence of superheavy elements. The most plausible explanation for not finding the superheavy elements is that they have either short half-lives or very small formation cross sections.

We have observed isomeric states in ${}_{}{}^{212}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Rn}$ with very high angular momenta (up to $J^{\pi }={30}^{+}$). The four isomers of highest spin contain core-excited neutron configurations, the spins of which are strongly aligned with those of the valence protons. The isomerism appears to result from a lowering of the excitation energies by 1 to 2 MeV compared to a sum of the unperturbed values for the constituent configurations.

For the reaction 610-MeV ${}_{}{}^{86}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ + ${}_{}{}^{209}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Bi}$, angular correlations of fragments from fissioning heavy reaction products have been measured with respect to the recoil direction, both in and out of the reaction plane. The deduced angular momentum of the recoil particle is large, $\mathrm{}(50-70)\mathrm{}\hslash$, and is consistent with that of the sticking limit and greater than that of the rolling limit. This result demonstrates the importance of the tangential component of the frictional force.

The neutron-deuteron breakup amplitude is obtained for the Reid soft-core potential by solving the Faddeev equations exactly for the $s$-wave parts of the two-nucleon $T$ matrix while the higher-partial-wave components of the force are treated perturbatively. Results are presented at 22.7 and 46.3 MeV. In particular it is found that the very deep minima in some breakup cross sections calculated with pure $s$-wave potentials are filled in predominantly by the $p$-wave components of the force.

The branching ratio relative to ordinary muon capture and the photon asymmetry relative to the muon-spin direction were measured for radiative muon capture in ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$. For ~ 1200 photon events, the partial branching ratio is $R_{k>\mathrm{}57\mathrm{} \mathrm{MeV}}=(21.1\mathrm{}\pm 1.4)\times {10}^{-6\mathrm{}}$, and the asymmetry for $k>\mathrm{}63.5\mathrm{}$ MeV is +0.90±0.50. A fit of the photon spectrum to the theory of Rood, Yano, and Yano gives the value ${g_P}^{\mu }=(6.5\mathrm{}\pm 1.6)g_A$ for the pseudoscalar-coupling constant. These results are in disagreement with earlier experiments.

We have obtained an exact, simple, and general relation between the second-order Hamiltonian, representing the ponderomotive force on the oscillation center of a particle in a high-frequency field, and the standard linear Vlasov susceptibility.

The dependence of the growth rate of the $n=1\mathrm{}$ ($\lambda =2\mathrm{}\pi R_0$) kink instability on plasma $\beta$ has been investigated experimentally in a rectangular-cross-section high-toroidal-$\beta$ [${\beta }_t \mathrm{}\left(\mathrm{axis}\right)\mathrm{}\gtrsim 10\%$] device and compared with theoretical predictions. The ${\beta }_t$ for the onset of instability as well as the estimated values of the growth rates observed experimentally are in good agreement with predictions from a numerical ideal magnetohydrodynamic model.

Experimental measurements of electron cyclotron emission from the Princeton Large Tokamak plasma reveal that blackbody emission occurs at the fundamental frequency. Such emission, not possible by direct thermal excitation of electromagnetic waves, is herein attributed to thermal excitation of electrostatic (Bernstein) waves which then mode convert into electromagnetic waves. The local feature of the electrostatic wave generation permits spatially and temporally resolved measurements of electron temperature as for the second-harmonic emission.

A phase transition has been observed in O chemisorbed on W(110) at low coverages, with a transition temperature ∼250°K lower than that observed for saturation coverage $\mathrm{W}\mathrm{}\left(110\right)p(2\mathrm{}\times 1)-\mathrm{O}$. This transition is interpreted in terms of two-dimensional dissolution of islands. A fit to lattice-gas models for both low and saturation coverage allows separate determination of the attractive and repulsive adatom-adatom interactions, and gives values of - 0.069 and 0.15 eV/atom, respectively.

A new analysis of neutron-scattering results for liquid ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, which reduces the effects of interference and final-state interactions, yields model-independent results for the momentum distribution function, $n\left(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{p}}\right)$. At $T=4.2\mathrm{}$ K, $n\left(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{p}}\right)$ is found to be Gaussian but at $T=1.1\mathrm{}$ K it has an exponential tail at large $p$ and is enhanced near $p=0\mathrm{}$. An analysis of the temperature change in $n\left(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{p}}\right)$ gives a value of (6.9 ± 0.8)% for the condensate fraction at $T=1.1\mathrm{}$ K.

Hartree-Fock (HF) energy-band calculations on TiO are in qualitative disagreement with those obtained with use of statistical exchange ($X\alpha$). While all $X\alpha$ results have a 2-8-eV gap between the Ti $3d$ and O $2p$ bands, the HF results show largely overlapping $2p-3d$ bands. The HF result is supported experimentally by the absence of any gap in the experimental valence x-ray-photoemission-spectroscopy spectrum. Reasons for the apparent failure of $X\alpha$ theory on this material, and not on other materials are suggested.

In disordered systems, apparently reasonable decoupling procedures can lead to negative densities of electronic states near resonant $d$ bands. By applying the optical theorem to the multiple-scattering series we can determine a prior whether a given decoupling will necessarily yield positive results. Since none of the extensions of the coherent-potential approximation to amorphous systems is found to meet this requirement, we propose a new scheme which is both self-consistent and guaranteed to give a positive spectrum.

We have accurately measured eleven muonic-atom transition energies in five elements sensitive to the vacuum-polarization corrections. We find good agreement between the theoretical and experimental values, the average difference being (0.18± 0.15)% of the vacuum-polarization correction.