Magnetic susceptibility and magnetization have been measured for a series of GdP and GdS compounds having various stoichiometries and mixing ratios. Also the free-carrier concentration has been determined for all compositions. One clearly observes a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida oscillation with positive and negative $\Theta$ values being superimposed on an antiferromagnetic superexchange and possibly a dipolar interaction. All compounds are antiferromagnets.

A model-independent analysis of new data provides, for the first time, a unique determination of the weak neutral-current couplings of $u$ and $d$ quarks. Data for exclusive pion production are a crucial new input in this analysis.

Thirty-six high-energy, primary $E2\mathrm{}$ transitions to the ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ ground state have been identified and their radiation widths measured in a study of the reaction ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(n, \gamma )$. The measured $E2\mathrm{}$ widths in the excitation energy region between 7.37 and 8.17 MeV are compared with those expected from the rising tails of giant quadrupole resonances located at 8.9 and 10.9 MeV.

Excitation functions were measured at forward angles for the reaction ${}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$(${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$, ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$)${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$ to the ground and first excited states of ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$. Resonancelike structures were found in both excitation functions with pronounced maxima at center-of-mass energies of ∼ 28, ∼ 31, and ∼ 34 MeV. Angular distributions obtained at these three energies are fitted rather well with ${P_L}^2\left(cos\theta \right)$ with $L=21, 23, \mathrm{and} 25$, respectively.

In addition to the known ${\left(f_{\frac{7}{2}}\right)}^n$ multiplets, states with spins ranging up to ${10}^{+}$ (${11}^{+}$) have been identified in ${}_{}{}^{50}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ti}$, ${}_{}{}^{52}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cr}$, and ${}_{}{}^{54}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Fe}$ via ($\alpha , 2n\gamma$) reactions. Shell-model calculations including excitations of one particle from the $N=28\mathrm{}$ core successfully account for the newly observed states and indicate their $2p_{\frac{3}{2}}$ neutron character in ${}_{}{}^{50}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}_{}{}^{52}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cr}$. The experimental results also require configuration mixing of about 20% for the lowlying $f_{\frac{7}{2}}$ states.

The elastic scattering of 162-MeV ${\pi }^{+}$ and ${\pi }^{-}$ by ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$, Si, ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$, and ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ have been measured. All angular distributions, except for ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$, exhibit strong diffraction patterns. Optical-model calculations with matter distributions deduced from electron scattering qualitatively reproduce the data, but better agreement for all but ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$ can be obtained with suitable modifications. No substantial differences in neutron- and proton-matter radii are indicated.

Magnetic-field-dependent structure in the photodetachment cross section of negative sulfur ions has been observed. This is the first observation of such structure for any negative ion. The structure is found to be due in part to the excitation of the detached electrons to discrete cyclotron levels.

Supersonic argon beams containing clusters of from 1 to 100 potassium atoms show magnetic deflection patterns with three components: atoms, undeflectable clusters comprising mainly even numbers of atoms, and clusters with odd numbers of atoms. The magnetic moments of the light odd clusters are approximately 1${\mathrm{\mu }}_{\mathrm{B}}$.

Proton-induced sulfur $\mathrm{LMM}$ and carbon $\mathrm{KLL}$ Auger yields from S${\mathrm{F}}_6$, C${\mathrm{F}}_4$, and C${\mathrm{Cl}}_4$ gaseous targets are found to be substantially reduced from the corresponding yields observed using ${\mathrm{H}}_2$S, S${\mathrm{O}}_2$, and C${\mathrm{H}}_4$. Speculations about the observed dependence on chemical species include inelastic scattering of the Auger electron during its transit out of the molecule and double Auger emission to the continuum.

We have used an x-ray-x-ray coincidence experiment to confirm the validity of an independent sharing model for double $K$ vacancies. As well as providing a basis for studying vacancy sharing and double-hole production, this technique permits us to determine variations in the fluorescence yields of hypersatellite states.

It is shown that consideration of cooperative atomic behavior in the analysis of resonance fluorescence leads to the prediction of additional sidebands.

A molecular-dynamcis study of silver diffusion in superionic conductor $\alpha$-AgI is performed. Interionic potentials are constructed using Pauling's ideas of ionic radii. The diffusion constant for silver and its temperature dependence are in good agreement with experiment. Good agreement is also obtained for the silver density map with the experiment of Cava, Reidinger, and Wuensch.

We evaluate the lifetime of quasiparticles in the Fermi glass. An anomalous contribution to the lifetime is found. It is shown that this effect leads to a $T^{\frac{1}{4}}$ law for the dc conductivity of a disordered system.

A magnetic resonance line has been observed in the paramagnetic state of the layer compound ${\left({\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}}_3\right)}_2$Cu${\mathrm{Cl}}_4$, which corresponds to the direct antiferromagnetic-mode excitation and which allows the determination of the angular and temperature dependence of the interlayer exchange field ${H_E}^{\prime }$. This line can be seen up to almost $2T_{\mathrm{N}}$.

The anomalous muonium state in Si has been studied with the muon-spin rotation technique as a function of the strength and orientation of the applied magnetic field. It was found that this state is well described by a spin Hamiltonian with axial symmetry about a [111] axis.

A solar-neutrino experiment that uses ${}_{}{}^{71}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ga}$ as a detector can distinguish between broad classes of explanations for the discrepancy between prediction and observation in the ${}_{}{}^{37}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cl}$ experiment. A radiochemical experiment with the required amount of ${}_{}{}^{71}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ga}$ is feasible.

We present a new unified method of coupling matter to both Poincaré and conformal supergravity. As an example we construct the coupled Maxwell-Weyl and the coupled Maxwell-Einstein supergravity theories. We also discuss the close connection with a recent auxiliary-field formulation of supergravity.

Sum rules on lepton-pair production cross sections are derived on the bases of the Drell-Yan formula and the known sum rules in leptoproduction. I also obtain exact relationships between the square of the average transverse momenta of the valence quarks and moments of the dilepton cross sections.

The photon total cross section on protons has been measured with high precision in the Fermilab tagged-photon beam for photon energies from 18 to 185 GeV. The cross section decreases to a broad minimum near 40 GeV, and then rises by about 4 μb over the remainder of the range. A $\rho +\omega +\varphi$ vector-dominance model (normalized to low-energy data) falls below the high-energy results by 2 to 6 μb, suggesting a contribution from charm-anticharm states.

Results for diffractive production of vector mesons in high-energy neutrino-proton interactions are presented. Diffractive production of ${\rho }^{+}$ is observed with a cross section of (8 ± 3) × ${10}^{-40\mathrm{}}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^2$ in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. Upper limits for ${A_1}^{+}$ and $B^{+}$ production are presented. The limit for $B^{+}$ production gives a new limit on the contribution of weak second-class currents.