Results on the protron structure function, $F_2$, are presented for $0.3<\mathrm{}{q}^2<80.0\mathrm{}$ Ge${\mathrm{V}}^2$ and $10<\mathrm{}\nu <200\mathrm{}$ GeV. The results support the conclusions of earlier work at 97 and 147 GeV that scaling is violated. A new value for $R=\frac{{\sigma }_S}{{\sigma }_T}=0.44\mathrm{}\pm 0.25$ has been obtained using all the Fermilab proton measurements.

In ${}_{}{}^{21}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ there are two levels of the same spin and opposite parity separated by 8 keV. This suggests that a parity-nonconserving nucleon-nucleon potential will give rise to large parity admixtures in these states. In our calculation the standard Cabibbo parity-nonconserving potential gives a circular polarization of at least ${10}^{-3\mathrm{}}$ for the 2.79-MeV transition ${\frac{1}{2}}^{-}\to {\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ ground state. Strong neutral-current effects would lead to $P_{\gamma }$ in excess of 1% in contradiction with a recent experiment.

Differential cross sections and analyzing powers in inelastic scattering of 65- and 50- MeV polarized protons exciting the $1^{+}$ states at 12.71 MeV ($T=0\mathrm{}$) and 15.11 MeV ($T=1\mathrm{}$) in ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ have been measured. There is a marked difference between the analyzing powers of the two states, which show an out-of-phase pattern in angular distribution. The exchange effect was found to contribute essentially to the isospin dependence from the results of distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations.

The neutron multiplicity was measured in coincidence with both binary products of the strongly damped collisions of ${}_{}{}^{86}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ on ${}_{}{}^{166}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ at 602-MeV beam energy. The measured ratio of the neutron multiplicities for the light and heavy fragments is in good agreement with the corresponding mass ratio for all mass divisions. The observed multiplicities as well as velocity and angular distributions of the neutrons are consistent with statistical-model calculations assuming isotropic evaporation of neutrons from fully accelerated, unpolarized fragments.

${\pi }^{\circ }$ photoproduction on deuterium has been measured in the region of 1 to 7 MeV above threshold, relative to the same reaction on hydrogen. The comparison of our results with available theoretical predictions shows the necessity to go beyond the impulse approximation.

Axially symmetric time-dependent mean-field calculations using a Skyrme-type effective interaction have been performed for ${}_{}{}^{84}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ + ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ at $E_{\mathrm{lab}}=494\mathrm{}$ MeV and ${}_{}{}^{84}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ + ${}_{}{}^{209}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Bi}$ at $E_{\mathrm{lab}}=600\mathrm{}$ MeV. Calculated fragment energies, mean masses, and scattering angles for strongly damped collisions are in good agreement with experiment, but mass distribution widths are an order of magnitude too small.

Double-differential cross sections $\frac{d^2\sigma }{d\Omega \mathrm{dE}}$ have been measured for the ($\alpha$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$) reaction on Ni isotopes at ${E_{\alpha }}^{\mathrm{lab}}=172.5\mathrm{}$ MeV. A distinct peak was found, having a half-width of ∼40 MeV and a strongly decreasing intensity with increasing reaction angle. Theoretical evidence is provided to attribute this peak to the ($\alpha$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$) stripping process into the continuum.

The $h_{\frac{9}{2}}{g}_{\frac{9}{2}}$ multiplet in ${}_{}{}^{210}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Bi}$ was populated by ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(\alpha , d)$ in experiments at 33 and 48 MeV. The strong favoring of the five unnatural-parity states of the multiplet disagrees with one-step transfer distorted-wave Born-approximation predictions. Coupled-reaction-channels calculations explain this effect as interference of direct $\mathrm{np}$ transfer and successive stripping amplitudes of comparable magnitude. This holds for weak (low-spin) and strong (high-spin) members of the multiplet.

Pronounced elliptic polarization has been observed in Balmer radiation following low-energy grazing-incidence collisions of ${\mathrm{H}}^{-}$, ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$, ${\mathrm{H}}_2^{+}$, and ${\mathrm{H}}_3^{+}$ on a clean lead surface maintained under ultrahigh vacuum. The polarization, shown to arise predominantly from $p$ states, is found to depend only on velocity, not on the charge or molecular species of the incoming projectile. A two-step surface-interaction model is presented based on anisotropic near-resonant electron pickup followed by quantum mechanical phase evolution.

The role of an external dc electric field on the single-wave trapping dynamics found in the nonlinear evolution of the weak cold-beam-plasma instability is investigated. In the absence of wave damping the beam momentum can be clamped while the wave amplitude increases secularly in time. When damping is present a nonlinear equilibrium is attained in which the beam evolves into a singular charge clump which drifts at constant velocity throught the plasma.

Collisionless drift-wave eigenmodes in a sheared magnetic field are analyzed using the WKBJ method. It is found that, for $\frac{L_s}{L_n}>{\left(\frac{L_s}{L_n}\right)}_c$, ion-sound dynamics determines the eigenvalues at small ${k_y}^2$ and the eigenmodes are damped. However, at large ${k_y}^2$, electron dynamics dominates and the eigenmodes become marginally stable. For $\frac{L_s}{L_n}<{\left(\frac{L_s}{L_n}\right)}_c$, the eigenmodes are damped for all values of ${k_y}^2$. The critical value ${\left(\frac{L_s}{L_n}\right)}_c$ scales as ${\left(\frac{m_i}{m_e}\right)}^{\frac{1}{4}}$.

A zero-frequency magnetostatic mode is shown to exist in a magnetized plasma. This mode resembles the two-dimensional electrostatic convective-cell mode in many ways. Electron cross-field test-particle diffusion due to thermally excited magnetostatic modes exhibits the Bohm-like $\frac{T}{B}$ behavior. This mode would enhance the electron heat and momentum transport and could permit rapid spreading of plasma current.

Light scattering and microscopic observation were used to study phase separation in a critical binary mixture of 2,6-lutidine and water. A crossover in the growth rate of nucleating regions occurred at a characteristic size $l\simeq 10$ μm. We also observed the temporal fluctuations in the system. They give rise to a strongly non-Lorentzian power spectrum.

Measurements are reported of low-temperature specific heats in a number of binary and ternary amorphous Pd-Si and Pd-Si-Cu alloys. The results indicate that the linearterm temperature coefficient, $\gamma$, changes with electron concentration and shows a pronounced maximum near $\frac{e}{a}=1.6\mathrm{}$. The glassy alloys are also characterized by a large $T^5$-term coefficient and a relatively low limiting Debye temperature. The hypothesis of a minimum in the density of states at the Fermi level within the glassy range has not been confirmed.

A comparative study on the superconducting and the normal-state properties of the amorphous, low-$T_c$ (3.9 K) and the crystalline, high-$T_c$ (2.18 K) phases of ${\mathrm{Nb}}_3$Ge suggests that changes in the strength of electron-phonon interaction account, in large part, for the drastic reduction in $T_c$. This result is consistent with a dehybridization between Nb $4d$ and Ge $4p$ orbitals at $E_{\mathrm{F}}$ in amorphous ${\mathrm{Nb}}_3$Ge as shown by recent x-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements and a microscopic theory of dielectric screening and lattice dynamics.

A linear eigenvalue problem in the spirit of Lax is constructed for the stationary, axially symmetric Einstein equations. It is conjectured that this entails the complete integrability of the system.

I explore a model which conserves $\mathrm{CP}$ automatically by the Peccei-Quinn mechanism and contains a relatively heavy axion consistent with the present data. Phenomenological implications are discussed.

Data for the reaction ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, $p$) ${}_{}{}^{19}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ to the predominantly five-particle, two-hole ${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ state at 3.91 MeV in ${}_{}{}^{19}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ are used to estimate the amount of three-particle, two-hole configuration in ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$(g.s.). The result is 4-6%.

Negative-pion production leading to discrete excitation levels of the residual nucleus has been investigated on ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$ and ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ targets with 613-MeV protons. On the first seen spectra of ${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ a strong excited peak is observed at 2.82 ∓ 0.24 MeV in excitation energy. The resulting cross sections are found to be far below previously published theoretical predictions.

Large shell-model calculations have been made of a pseudonucleus to see (1) what collective features appear and (2) what the resulting collective wave functions consistent with the assumption of the interacting-boson model are. In the calculations, sets of states with striking similarity to states in $K=0\mathrm{}$ and $K=2\mathrm{}$ rigid-rotor bands appear. For the $K=0\mathrm{}$ bands, the lower states are dominated by states formed from coupling $J=0\mathrm{}$ and $J=2\mathrm{}$ two-neutron and two-proton states, consistent with the assumptions of the interacting-boson model.