It is reported that steps are induced in the nonlinear $V\left(I\right)\mathrm{}$ characteristic of Nb${\mathrm{Se}}_3$ by a superposed rf current. The frequencies responsible for these steps are interpreted as the Fourier spectrum of the motion of the charge-density wave in an anharmonic potential created by the impurities. It is shown that the relation $\overline{J}=n\mathrm{ev}$ is verified for the excess current $\overline{J}$ carried by the charge-density wave, $v$ being the velocity of the wave. The number of condensed electrons $n$ below the charge-density wave at 59 K is found to be in good agreement with previous measurements.

The intensity of the continuous inelastic light scattering from a silver electrode in a Cl${\mathrm{O}}_4$ electrolyte depends on the potential and the amount of redeposited silver. These experimental observations are consistently explained by the concentration of silver adatoms at the electrode surface.

A parton description of soft, high-energy $\overline{p}p$ annihilation is presented in a three-chain model based on the dual topological unitarization scheme. With this model, full, quantitative, zero-parameter predictions are made for inclusive single-particle rapidity distributions and their energy dependence, which are testable in forthcoming $\overline{p}p$ experiments.

Measurements are presented of the magnetic crystalline anisotropy of a spherical single crystal of gadolinium metal of high purity (about 0.01 wt.% oxide) at 4.2 K, at atmospheric pressure and at near-hydrostatic pressures up to 6 kbar. The magnetic anisotropy is strongly pressure dependent. It is suggested that part of this anisotropy is caused by the movement through the Fermi level of a small peak in the density of electron states curve.

Proton spin-lattice relaxation-time ($T_1$) measurements are reported in pure and in neutron-irradiated organic conductor Qn${\mathrm{}\left(\mathrm{TCNQ}\right)\mathrm{}}_2$. The diffusion constant $D$ (evaluated from $T_1$) and conductivity $\sigma$ have the same dependence on the irradiation-induced impurity concentration, showing that charge propagation is responsible for the relaxation time. The temperature dependence of $D$, when compared with $\sigma \mathrm{}\left(T\right)\mathrm{}$, suggests that the conductivity is determined by the temperature-dependent mobility.

The magnetic properties of modulated Cu-Ni films with Ni thickness ranging from 6 to 60 Å and for various Cu thickness have been measured at room temperature, 77°K, and 4.2°K. The results show that the magnetic properties do not depend on the Cu thickness but only on the surface to volume ratio of the Ni. The Ni behavior is interpreted in terms of a large surface anisotropy, and not in terms of an enhanced moment.

A new theory for the dielectric function of composite solids is formulated which displays both the optical dielectric anomaly and the percolation threshold, thereby providing a basis for a unified understanding of the optical and percolation transport properties of granular materials. The results of the theory are shown to be in good agreement with experimental data.

Dilute alloys of Eu in Sc${\mathrm{Al}}_2$ show single-ion anomalies in their transport properties. The susceptibility is intermediate between ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{2+}$ and ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$. The Mössbauer isomer shift is intermediate as well as strongly temperature dependent. This is the first case of microscopically confirmed configurational instability in any dilute rare-earth alloy.

The temperature dependence of the Mössbauer spectra of ${}_{}{}^{57}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Fe}$ in the active center of oxymyoglobin is analyzed. The effective mean square displacement $〈x^2〉$ of the iron is a sum of three parts: a vibrational term ${〈x^2〉}_v$, a conformational term ${〈x^2〉}_c$, and a diffusional term ${〈x^2〉}_d$. For $T>\mathrm{}240\mathrm{}$ K diffusional line broadening $\Delta \Gamma \propto {〈x^2〉}_d$ is observed, along with a decrease in quadrupole splitting due to random reorientation of the electric field gradient.

It is pointed out that heavy Majorana particles contemplated in certain grand unified theories may explain the cosmological baryon excess. Induced neutrino mixing can give oscillation lengths consistent with reactor and accelerator experiments, but capable of explaining the solar-neutrino "puzzle."

A two-step-reaction model calculation based on projectile fragmentation (first step), preequilibrium emission, and evaporation emission (second step) is formulated to describe the particle-particle angular correlations and particle-$\gamma$ correlations in complex-projectile-induced reactions. The model gives a good description of the production of fast projectilelike $\alpha$ particles accompanied by incomplete fusion for reactions ${}_{}{}^{160}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$${({}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C},\alpha xn)}^{168-x}$ Er at four incident energies.

The flight time of neutrons through diffracting crystals has been studied experimentally and is found in good agreement with theoretical prediction. The existence of an anomalous drift velocity along lattice planes has been demonstrated and the drift neutrons are shown to exhibit diminished absorption (anomalous Borrmann transmission) in the crystal.

The Clifford algebra $C_4$ is used to construct a theory of fermions that is calculationally identical to the single-particle Dirac spinor theory. The anomalies in the conservation laws of the spinor theory are removed. A verifiable prediction is made that massless fermions cannot have charge or magnetic moment.

This paper reports the results of a study of hadron production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions at c.m. system energies of 33, 35, and 35.8 GeV. Production of a new quark flavor has been sought. The measured values of the total cross section, the thrust distributions, and the study of inclusive muon production show no evidence for the production of a new charge-$\frac{2}{3}e$ quark near threshold. In addition, during an energy scan in the region $29.9<~\sqrt{s}<~31.6$ GeV, no hadron resonance indicating the existence of a bound state composed of charge-$\frac{2}{3}e$ quarks has been found.

The properties of the transverse momenta and angular distributions of hadrons produced in muon-proton scattering are compared with first-order quantum-chromodynamics calculations. The quantum-chromodynamics prediction for the $Q^2$ dependence of the average hadron transverse momentum squared agrees with the data provided a constant term is added in quadrature to the prediction. This additive term is attributed to the intrinsic transverse momentum of the quarks in the nucleon and to the transverse momentum inherent in quark fragmentation.

Data on large-transverse-momentum ${\pi }^0$ production by proton, pion, and kaon beams is used to extract the large-$x$ behavior of meson structure functions. Good agreement is found with the proton and pion quark distribution functions obtained from deep inelastic and dimuon production experiments. This study provides the first look at the kaon structure function. A significantly faster falloff is found as $x$ approaches unity than for that of pions.

It is shown that the trace anomaly is also identified with the Jacobian factor for the functional measure under the conformal transformation in the path-integral formalism. The path-integral formulation of anomalous Ward-Takahashi identities is then translated into a simple algebraic characterization of chiral and conformal anomalies. This exemplifies some of the common features shared by the topological and nontopological anomalies.

It is shown how the addition of a global $\mathrm{U}{\mathrm{}\left(1\right)\mathrm{}}_c$ of color to the conventional SU(5) model leads to a stable proton despite the nonconservation of baryon number. A stable, massive, neutral lepton is also predicted. The possibility that emerges of having relatively light mass ($M\gtrsim M_W$) color-triplet Higgs mesons modifies the gauge hierarchy problem and leads to cosmological baryon-number generation at low temperatures ($\mathrm{kT}\approx 100$ GeV).

The adiabatic time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory is reformulated in order to yield a simple differential equation for the collective path with accompanying simple expressions for the collective mass and the potential. With use of three-dimensional coordinate- and momentum-space techniques and density-dependent interactions, the new adiabatic time-dependent Hartree-Fock formalism is applied to $\alpha -\alpha$ scattering and correspondingly to the fission mode of ${}_{}{}^8{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$. In the overlapping region the resulting collective mass deviates strongly from the reduced mass.

A Bohr Hamiltonian expressed in terms of the shape and rotational degrees of freedom of an ellipsoid is derived from an interacting-boson model Hamiltonian.