The doubletlike structures observed at $E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}\simeq 20 \mathrm{and} 22$ MeV in the ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$(${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$, ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$) ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$*($3^{-}$, 6.13 MeV) excitation function are simply reproduced by the coupled-channels method. The lower and higher members of the "doublets" are interpreted as the resonances enhanced in the subchannels of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$-${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$($3^{-}$) with $J=L+3\mathrm{}$ and with $J^{\prime }=L+1\mathrm{}$, respectively. The splitting of the "doublet" is mainly attributed to the $J(J+1\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$ dependence of the potential adiabatically distorted by the coupling interaction between ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ and ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$.

The separated structure functions for large-momentum-transfer electron-nucleus scattering in the quasielastic region can be fitted by assuming that the effect of nuclear matter on nucleon structure is to increase the nucleon charge radius some 30%, and to quench the anomalous moments. These effects are consistent with a field-theoretic description of nucleon and nuclear structure.

The ground-state band of ${}_{}{}^{248}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cm}$ has been studied up to spin ${28}^{+}$ and tentatively to ${30}^{+}$ by observing $\gamma$ rays following multiple Coulomb excitation with use of ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ ions at 5.3 MeV/u. A smooth, gradual increase in the effective moment of inertia is seen at lower spin with an anomalous forward bend above spin ${22}^{+}$. Calculations are presented which indicate that this behavior including the forward bend can be understood in terms of the alignment of single-particle angular momenta along the rotation axis.

The transition between the ionic state of ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ correlated with ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$+${\mathrm{H}}^{-}$, and the covalent states correlated with $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{}\left(1s\right)+\mathrm{H}\mathrm{}\left(\mathrm{nl}\right)\mathrm{}$ is studied. The processes whereby the diffuse electron of ${\mathrm{H}}^{-}$ is carried off by the proton dominate the neutralization cross section. This asymmetry effect is used to explain an (apparent) disagreement between experimental results of neutralization cross sections at high impact energies.

A wave kinetic equation, including electromagnetic effects, to study the effects of scattering by density fluctuations on the accessibility of lower hybrid waves is derived. A Monte Carlo solution of the wave kinetic equation shows that the scattering, combined with toroidal effects and magnetic shear, can cause large upshifts in $k_{\parallel }$, thus allowing inaccessible waves to penetrate to the plasma center and heat. The implications of these results for past and future lower-hybrid-heating experiments are discussed.

One- and two-dimensional particle simulations have been carried out to study electrostatic ion cyclotron instabilities for a hydrogen plasma in a strong magnetic field. It is found that strong ion heating and anomalous cross-field diffusion comparable to Bohm diffusion take place associated with the instability. Implications of the instability to the recent observations in fusion devices and space plasmas are discussed.

A ruby-laser Thomson-scattering system, designed for very low-electron-density applications, has shown electron temperature ($T_e$) and density ($n_e$) profiles in the Elmo Bumpy Torus-Scale toroidal plasma to be flat, with $T_e$ values from 50 to 500 eV and $n_e$ values from 0.5 to 2.2×${10}^{12}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{-3\mathrm{}}$. Scaling of $T_e$ and $n_e$ with microwave power and background pressure is discussed. Electron-energy confinement times are derived and are found to scale approximately linearly with power for times up to 4 ms.

The low-temperature lattice specific heats of K, Rb, and Cs in a model in which a normal ground state is assumed have been evaluated. In comparing our results with experiment, no evidence has been seen that any of these materials have charge-density-wave ground states. It is argued that the apparent anomaly in Rb, identified by Giuliani and Overhauser and ascribed by them to phason excitations of a charge-density-wave ground state, reflects the dispersion of low-energy transverse-phonon modes.

Time-of-flight spectra of low-energy (≈20 me V) He scattered from a LiF(001) crystal along the $〈100〉$ direction reveal up to five sharp inelastic-scattering maxima. Their scattering angle and flight time determine the frequencies and wave numbers of surface phonons over the entire Brillouin zone. The results agree well with calculations of Rayleigh modes by de Wette and Benedek except near the zone boundary. Further unidentified features are also observed.

An ordered (1×1) structure is formed by evaporating approximately one-half monolayer of Al on GaAs(110) and subsequently annealing at 450°C for 30 min. Both a dynamical analysis of the low-energy electron-diffraction intensities from the resulting half-monolayer of GaAs(110)-$p(1\mathrm{}\times 1)$-Al structure and soft-x-ray photoemission spectroscopy indicate that the Al replaces the Ga in the second atomic layer beneath the surface. The uppermost layer retains the structure of clean GaAs(110) but is relaxed 0.1 Å toward the second AlAs layer.

An inelastic-neutron-scattering study of the [001] L phonons in ${\mathrm{C}}_{36}$K shows, for the first time, zone-folding effects along with frequency gaps between acoustic and optic modes. Phonon dispersion and structure factors can be modeled by a linear chain with two different masses and two force constants: ${\varphi }_1=3450\mathrm{}$ dyn/cm for the coupling of graphite and potassium planes, and ${\varphi }_2=2850\mathrm{}$ dyn/cm for the coupling between two adjacent graphite planes.

It is shown that the substantial bonding-energy and work-function changes associated with inert gases adsorbed on metal surfaces arise from an admixture of polar excited configurations that occurs as the excited-state charge-transfer instability is crossed.

The fusion of two excited polaritons into an excitonic molecule gives rise to an intensity dependence of the dielectric function. The use of this nonlinearity to obtain optical bistability with platelets of direct-band-gap semiconductors is suggested.

It is found that the current collected by a ferromagnet placed in an electron beam depends on the orientation of the incident electron spin. At certain energies, only electrons with spins parallel or antiparallel to the net surface spin density cause a net target current. The spin dependence is caused by the influence of the exchange interaction on the elastic scattering. Inelastic scattering measurements show that the spin dependence of the production of secondary electrons is small.

Analysis of 122 965 dimuon final states produced by 209-GeV muons in a magnetized iron calorimeter has set a lower limit on the mass of a neutral heavy muon (${\overline{M}}^0$). If the ${\overline{M}}^0$ is coupled with Fermi strength to a right-handed charged current and decays to $\mu \mu \nu$ with a 10% branching ratio, its mass exceeds 9 ${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c}}^2$.

Extended quantum chromodynamics in which the magnetic structure of the color gauge symmetry plays the important role in the dynamics is proposed as a phenomenological theory of the strong interaction. In the one-loop approximation the masses of the scalar and the axial-vector magnetic glueballs are estimated to be around 2.2 and 1.5 GeV, and the leading linear trajectory of the $2^{++}$ electric glueball is estimated to be ${\alpha }_x\mathrm{}\left(s\right)\mathrm{}\simeq 0.48s\left(\mathrm{Ge}{\mathrm{V}}^{-2\mathrm{}}\right)+1.01\mathrm{}$. The trajectory is proposed as the Pomeron.

Differential cross sections and vector analyzing powers have been measured for the breakup reaction ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}(d_{\mathrm{pol}}, p\alpha )n$ at $E_d=18\mathrm{}$ MeV in a kinematically complete coincidence experiment. The analysis in the framework of the Faddeev theory yields satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment even for the polarization observables.

Deuteron-$\gamma$ angular correlation measurements and their analysis indicate significant effects of the deuteron $D$ state on the spin-statistical tensors of the 2.58-MeV (${\frac{7}{2}}^{-}$) state in ${}_{}{}^{57}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$ excited in the reaction ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$($p$,$d$)${}_{}{}^{57}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$ at an incident energy of 30 MeV.

A high-resolution study of two-particle exclusive reactions of ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$+${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$ over a wide range of bombarding energy shows interesting selectivity in both the mass and the energy spectra. The mass spectra display an enhanced population of every fourth mass which gives way to an enhancement of every second mass at the higher energies. The energy spectrum of inelastically scattered particles shows a selective population of mutually excited yrast states in both fragments.

Intensity-dependent dispersion of the refractive index has been measured in gaseous C${\mathrm{O}}_2$, ${\mathrm{N}}_2$O, and OCS with use of a single-path, double-frequency interference technique. The measurements yield molecular optical-polarizability anisotropies ($\Delta \alpha ={\alpha }_{\parallel }-{\alpha }_{\perp }$): $\Delta \alpha \left({\mathrm{N}}_2\mathrm{O}\right)=2.92\mathrm{}\left(12\right)\mathrm{}$ ${\mathrm{\AA }}^3$, $\Delta \alpha \left(\mathrm{OCS}\right)=4.04\mathrm{}\left(17\right)\mathrm{}$ ${\mathrm{\AA }}^3$ relative to $\Delta \alpha \left(\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_2\right)=2.11\mathrm{}$ ${\mathrm{\AA }}^3$. These results are in good agreement with existing data. Third-order polarizabilities are also extracted from the measurements.