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Pion β Decay and τ→ππντ beyond Leading Logarithms

Vincenzo Cirigliano1, Martin Hoferichter2, and Nicola Valori1,3

  • 1Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 91195-1550, USA
  • 2Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
  • 3Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Universidad de Valencia and CSIC, Edificio Institutos Investigación, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain

Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 051902 – Published 30 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rg2q-m515

Abstract

The consistent matching of short-distance contributions and hadronic matrix elements is crucial for precise predictions of weak processes involving hadrons. In this Letter, we address this point for charged-current processes involving two pions—pion β decay π±→π0e±νe and hadronic τ decays τ±→π±π0ντ—whose decay rates depend on the so-called γW box correction. Using recent results from lattice QCD, we show how to formulate the matching beyond leading-logarithmic accuracy, in particular, how to cancel the dependence on the scheme choice for evanescent operators. As main results, we obtain a prediction for the decay rate of pion β decay with theory uncertainties improved by a factor of 3, which renders theory uncertainties negligible for future determinations of Vud even beyond the reach of the PIONEER experiment, and an evaluation of isospin-breaking corrections to τ→ππντ with negligible uncertainty from the short-distance matching, as necessary for a future τ-based determination of the hadronic-vacuum-polarization contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.

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