- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review Letters

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Open Access

Quantized Transconductance Emerges from Nonsymmetric Quantum Fluctuations

K. Mertiri and Yuli V. Nazarov

PDF

Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 106301 – Published 2 September, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gx9l-gg4q

Abstract

We show theoretically that weak quantum fluctuations induced by a nonsymmetric electromagnetic environment may lead to a quantized transconductance of a multiterminal quantum contact rather than to a blockade of transport in the contact. The result suggests the possibility to realize quantum Hall phenomenology without its common ingredients and/or a topological quantum state.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (26)

  1. Y. V. Nazarov and Y. M. Blanter, Quantum transport (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2009).
  2. G.-L. Ingold and Y. V. Nazarov, Charge tunneling rates in ultrasmall junctions, in Single Charge Tunneling: Coulomb Blockade Phenomena in Nanostructures, edited by H. Grabert and M. H. Devoret (Springer US, Boston, MA, 1992), pp. 21–107.
  3. S. M. Girvin, L. I. Glazman, M. Jonson, D. R. Penn, and M. D. Stiles, Quantum fluctuations and the single-junction Coulomb blockade, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 3183 (1990).
  4. Y. V. Nazarov, Anomalous current-voltage characteristics of tunnel junctions, Sov. Phys. JETP 68, 561 (1989).
  5. A. J. Leggett, S. Chakravarty, A. T. Dorsey, M. P. A. Fisher, A. Garg, and W. Zwerger, Dynamics of the dissipative two-state system, Rev. Mod. Phys. 59, 1 (1987).
  6. P. W. Anderson, Infrared catastrophe in Fermi gases with local scattering potentials, Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 1049 (1967).
  7. M. Kindermann and Y. V. Nazarov, Interaction effects on counting statistics and the transmission distribution, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 136802 (2003).
  8. L. W. Molenkamp, K. Flensberg, and M. Kemerink, Scaling of the Coulomb energy due to quantum fluctuations in the charge on a quantum dot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4282 (1995).
  9. K. v. Klitzing, G. Dorda, and M. Pepper, New method for high-accuracy determination of the fine-structure constant based on quantized hall resistance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 494 (1980).
  10. M. Büttiker, Absence of backscattering in the quantum Hall effect in multiprobe conductors, Phys. Rev. B 38, 9375 (1988).
  11. R.-P. Riwar, M. Houzet, J. S. Meyer, and Y. V. Nazarov, Multi-terminal Josephson junctions as topological matter, Nat. Commun. 7, 11167 (2016).
  12. A. M. Hriscu and Y. V. Nazarov, Quantum synchronization of conjugated variables in a superconducting device leads to the fundamental resistance quantization, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 097002 (2013).
  13. L. S. Levitov, H. Lee, and G. B. Lesovik, Electron counting statistics and coherent states of electric current, J. Math. Phys. (N.Y.) 37, 4845 (1996).
  14. I. Snyman and Y. V. Nazarov, Keldysh action of a multiterminal time-dependent scatterer, Phys. Rev. B 77, 165118 (2008).
  15. C. Chamon, M. Oshikawa, and I. Affleck, Junctions of three quantum wires and the dissipative Hofstadter model, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 206403 (2003).
  16. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/gx9l-gg4q for additional details, which includes Refs. [17–20].
  17. M. Kindermann, Y. V. Nazarov, and C. W. J. Beenakker, Distribution of voltage fluctuations in a current-biased conductor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 246805 (2003).
  18. B. D. Tellegen, The gyrator, a new electric network element, Philips Res. Rep. 3, 81 (1948).
  19. G. Viola and D. P. DiVincenzo, Hall effect gyrators and circulators, Phys. Rev. X 4, 021019 (2014).
  20. B. J. van Wees, H. van Houten, C. W. J. Beenakker, J. G. Williamson, L. P. Kouwenhoven, D. Van der Marel, and C. T. Foxon, Quantized conductance of point contacts in a two-dimensional electron gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 848 (1988).

  21. In fact, there could be QTC points corresponding to permutations with the cycles longer than 4 even for a symmetric z^, see Supplemental Material [16]. We explore this exotic possibility elsewhere.

  22. I. Cederbaum, A generalization of the “no-amplification” property of resistive networks, IRE Trans. Circuit Theory 5, 224 (1958).
  23. B. D. Anderson and S. Vongpanitlerd, Network Analysis and Synthesis: A Modern Systems Theory Approach (Courier Corporation, New York, 1973).
  24. S. Grutzmann, Hall-effect gyrators, isolators, and circulators with high efficiency, Proc. IEEE 51, 1584 (1963).
  25. G. Arlt, Halleffekt-vierpole mit hohem wirkungsgrad, Solid-State Electron. 1, 75 (1960).
  26. K. Mertiri, Numerical solutions and statistics for the renormalization equation (version v2) [Dataset], Zenodo, 10.5281/zenodo.21890483 (2026).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 106301– Published 2 September, 2026
  • Received 5 December 2025
  • Accepted 11 August 2026
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation