Open Access

Higher-order symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$

S. Acharya ¹²⁷, A. Agarwal¹³⁵, G. Aglieri Rinella ³², L. Aglietta ²⁴, M. Agnello ²⁹, N. Agrawal ²⁵, Z. Ahammed ¹³⁵, S. Ahmad ¹⁵, S. U. Ahn ⁷¹ et al. (ALICE Collaboration)

S. U. Ahn ⁷¹, I. Ahuja ³⁷, A. Akindinov ¹⁴¹, V. Akishina³⁸, M. Al-Turany ⁹⁷, D. Aleksandrov ¹⁴¹, B. Alessandro ⁵⁶, H. M. Alfanda ⁶, R. Alfaro Molina ⁶⁷, B. Ali ¹⁵, A. Alici ²⁵, N. Alizadehvandchali ¹¹⁶, A. Alkin ¹⁰⁴, J. Alme ²⁰, G. Alocco ^24,52, T. Alt ⁶⁴, A. R. Altamura ⁵⁰, I. Altsybeev ⁹⁵, J. R. Alvarado ⁴⁴, M. N. Anaam ⁶, C. Andrei ⁴⁵, N. Andreou ¹¹⁵, A. Andronic ¹²⁶, E. Andronov ¹⁴¹, V. Anguelov ⁹⁴, F. Antinori ⁵⁴, P. Antonioli ⁵¹, N. Apadula ⁷⁴, L. Aphecetche ¹⁰³, H. Appelshäuser ⁶⁴, C. Arata ⁷³, S. Arcelli ²⁵, R. Arnaldi ⁵⁶, J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro ¹¹⁰, I. C. Arsene ¹⁹, M. Arslandok ¹³⁸, A. Augustinus ³², R. Averbeck ⁹⁷, D. Averyanov ¹⁴¹, M. D. Azmi ¹⁵, H. Baba¹²⁴, A. Badalà ⁵³, J. Bae ¹⁰⁴, Y. W. Baek ⁴⁰, X. Bai ¹²⁰, R. Bailhache ⁶⁴, Y. Bailung ⁴⁸, R. Bala ⁹¹, A. Balbino ²⁹, A. Baldisseri ¹³⁰, B. Balis ², D. Banerjee ⁴, Z. Banoo ⁹¹, V. Barbasova³⁷, F. Barile ³¹, L. Barioglio ⁵⁶, M. Barlou⁷⁸, B. Barman⁴¹, G. G. Barnaföldi ⁴⁶, L. S. Barnby ¹¹⁵, E. Barreau ¹⁰³, V. Barret ¹²⁷, L. Barreto ¹¹⁰, C. Bartels ¹¹⁹, K. Barth ³², E. Bartsch ⁶⁴, N. Bastid ¹²⁷, S. Basu ⁷⁵, G. Batigne ¹⁰³, D. Battistini ⁹⁵, B. Batyunya ¹⁴², D. Bauri⁴⁷, J. L. Bazo Alba ¹⁰¹, I. G. Bearden ⁸³, C. Beattie ¹³⁸, P. Becht ⁹⁷, D. Behera ⁴⁸, I. Belikov ¹²⁹, A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria ¹²⁶, F. Bellini ²⁵, R. Bellwied ¹¹⁶, S. Belokurova ¹⁴¹, L. G. E. Beltran ¹⁰⁹, Y. A. V. Beltran ⁴⁴, G. Bencedi ⁴⁶, A. Bensaoula¹¹⁶, S. Beole ²⁴, Y. Berdnikov ¹⁴¹, A. Berdnikova ⁹⁴, L. Bergmann ⁹⁴, M. G. Besoiu ⁶³, L. Betev ³², P. P. Bhaduri ¹³⁵, A. Bhasin ⁹¹, B. Bhattacharjee ⁴¹, L. Bianchi ²⁴, J. Bielčík ³⁵, J. Bielčíková ⁸⁶, A. P. Bigot ¹²⁹, A. Bilandzic ⁹⁵, G. Biro ⁴⁶, S. Biswas ⁴, N. Bize ¹⁰³, J. T. Blair ¹⁰⁸, D. Blau ¹⁴¹, M. B. Blidaru ⁹⁷, N. Bluhme³⁸, C. Blume ⁶⁴, G. Boca ^21,55, F. Bock ⁸⁷, T. Bodova ²⁰, J. Bok ¹⁶, L. Boldizsár ⁴⁶, M. Bombara ³⁷, P. M. Bond ³², G. Bonomi ^134,55, H. Borel ¹³⁰, A. Borissov ¹⁴¹, A. G. Borquez Carcamo ⁹⁴, E. Botta ²⁴, Y. E. M. Bouziani ⁶⁴, L. Bratrud ⁶⁴, P. Braun-Munzinger ⁹⁷, M. 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Meres ¹³, Y. Miake¹²⁵, L. Micheletti ³², D. L. Mihaylov ⁹⁵, K. Mikhaylov ^142,141, N. Minafra ¹¹⁸, D. Miśkowiec ⁹⁷, A. Modak ¹³⁴, B. Mohanty⁸⁰, M. Mohisin Khan ^15,g, M. A. Molander ⁴³, S. Monira ¹³⁶, C. Mordasini ¹¹⁷, D. A. Moreira De Godoy ¹²⁶, I. Morozov ¹⁴¹, A. Morsch ³², T. Mrnjavac ³², V. Muccifora ⁴⁹, S. Muhuri ¹³⁵, J. D. Mulligan ⁷⁴, A. Mulliri ²², M. G. Munhoz ¹¹⁰, R. H. Munzer ⁶⁴, H. Murakami ¹²⁴, S. Murray ¹¹⁴, L. Musa ³², J. Musinsky ⁶⁰, J. W. Myrcha ¹³⁶, B. Naik ¹²³, A. I. Nambrath ¹⁸, B. K. Nandi ⁴⁷, R. Nania ⁵¹, E. Nappi ⁵⁰, A. F. Nassirpour ¹⁷, A. Nath ⁹⁴, S. Nath¹³⁵, C. Nattrass ¹²², M. N. Naydenov ³⁶, A. Neagu¹⁹, A. Negru¹¹³, E. Nekrasova¹⁴¹, L. Nellen ⁶⁵, R. Nepeivoda ⁷⁵, S. Nese ¹⁹, N. Nicassio ⁵⁰, B. S. Nielsen ⁸³, E. G. Nielsen ⁸³, S. Nikolaev ¹⁴¹, S. Nikulin ¹⁴¹, V. Nikulin ¹⁴¹, F. Noferini ⁵¹, S. Noh ¹², P. Nomokonov ¹⁴², J. Norman ¹¹⁹, N. Novitzky ⁸⁷, P. Nowakowski ¹³⁶, A. Nyanin ¹⁴¹, J. Nystrand ²⁰, S. Oh ¹⁷, A. Ohlson ⁷⁵, V. A. Okorokov ¹⁴¹, J. Oleniacz ¹³⁶, A. Onnerstad ¹¹⁷, C. Oppedisano ⁵⁶, A. Ortiz Velasquez ⁶⁵, J. Otwinowski ¹⁰⁷, M. Oya⁹², K. Oyama ⁷⁶, Y. Pachmayer ⁹⁴, S. Padhan ⁴⁷, D. Pagano ^134,55, G. Paić ⁶⁵, S. Paisano-Guzmán ⁴⁴, A. Palasciano ⁵⁰, I. Panasenko⁷⁵, S. Panebianco ¹³⁰, C. Pantouvakis ²⁷, H. Park ¹²⁵, H. Park ¹⁰⁴, J. Park ¹²⁵, J. E. Parkkila ³², Y. Patley ⁴⁷, R. N. Patra⁵⁰, B. Paul ¹³⁵, H. Pei ⁶, T. Peitzmann ⁵⁹, X. Peng ¹¹, M. Pennisi ²⁴, S. Perciballi ²⁴, D. Peresunko ¹⁴¹, G. M. Perez ⁷, Y. Pestov¹⁴¹, M. T. Petersen⁸³, V. Petrov ¹⁴¹, M. Petrovici ⁴⁵, S. Piano ⁵⁷, M. Pikna ¹³, P. Pillot ¹⁰³, O. Pinazza ^51,32, L. Pinsky¹¹⁶, C. Pinto ⁹⁵, S. Pisano ⁴⁹, M. Płoskoń ⁷⁴, M. Planinic⁸⁹, F. Pliquett⁶⁴, D. K. Plociennik ², M. G. Poghosyan ⁸⁷, B. Polichtchouk ¹⁴¹, S. Politano ²⁹, N. Poljak ⁸⁹, A. Pop ⁴⁵, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais ¹²⁷, V. Pozdniakov ^142,e, I. Y. Pozos ⁴⁴, K. K. Pradhan ⁴⁸, S. K. Prasad ⁴, S. Prasad ⁴⁸, R. Preghenella ⁵¹, F. Prino ⁵⁶, C. A. Pruneau ¹³⁷, I. Pshenichnov ¹⁴¹, M. Puccio ³², S. Pucillo ²⁴, S. Qiu ⁸⁴, L. Quaglia ²⁴, A. M. K. Radhakrishnan⁴⁸, S. Ragoni ¹⁴, A. Rai ¹³⁸, A. Rakotozafindrabe ¹³⁰, L. Ramello ^133,56, F. Rami ¹²⁹, C. O. Ramírez-Álvarez ⁴⁴, M. Rasa ²⁶, S. S. Räsänen ⁴³, R. Rath ⁵¹, M. P. Rauch ²⁰, I. Ravasenga ³², K. F. Read ^87,122, C. Reckziegel ¹¹², A. R. Redelbach ³⁸, K. Redlich ^79,h, C. A. Reetz ⁹⁷, H. D. Regules-Medel⁴⁴, A. Rehman²⁰, F. Reidt ³², H. A. Reme-Ness ³⁴, K. Reygers ⁹⁴, A. Riabov ¹⁴¹, V. Riabov ¹⁴¹, R. Ricci ²⁸, M. Richter ²⁰, A. A. Riedel ⁹⁵, W. Riegler ³², A. G. Riffero ²⁴, M. Rignanese ²⁷, C. Ripoli²⁸, C. Ristea ⁶³, M. V. Rodriguez ³², M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi ⁴⁴, S. A. Rodríguez Ramírez ⁴⁴, K. Røed ¹⁹, R. Rogalev ¹⁴¹, E. Rogochaya ¹⁴², T. S. Rogoschinski ⁶⁴, D. Rohr ³², D. Röhrich ²⁰, S. Rojas Torres ³⁵, P. S. Rokita ¹³⁶, G. Romanenko ²⁵, F. Ronchetti ³², E. D. Rosas⁶⁵, K. Roslon ¹³⁶, A. Rossi ⁵⁴, A. Roy ⁴⁸, S. Roy ⁴⁷, N. Rubini ^51,25, J. A. Rudolph⁸⁴, D. Ruggiano ¹³⁶, R. Rui ²³, P. G. Russek ², R. Russo ⁸⁴, A. Rustamov ⁸¹, E. Ryabinkin ¹⁴¹, Y. Ryabov ¹⁴¹, A. Rybicki ¹⁰⁷, J. Ryu ¹⁶, W. Rzesa ¹³⁶, B. Sabiu⁵¹, S. Sadovsky ¹⁴¹, J. Saetre ²⁰, K. Šafařík ³⁵, S. Saha ⁸⁰, B. Sahoo ⁴⁸, R. Sahoo ⁴⁸, S. Sahoo⁶¹, D. Sahu ⁴⁸, P. K. Sahu ⁶¹, J. Saini ¹³⁵, K. Sajdakova³⁷, S. Sakai ¹²⁵, M. P. Salvan ⁹⁷, S. Sambyal ⁹¹, D. Samitz ¹⁰², I. Sanna ^32,95, T. B. Saramela¹¹⁰, D. Sarkar ⁸³, P. Sarma ⁴¹, V. Sarritzu ²², V. M. Sarti ⁹⁵, M. H. P. Sas ³², S. Sawan ⁸⁰, E. Scapparone ⁵¹, J. Schambach ⁸⁷, H. S. Scheid ⁶⁴, C. Schiaua ⁴⁵, R. Schicker ⁹⁴, F. Schlepper ⁹⁴, A. Schmah⁹⁷, C. Schmidt ⁹⁷, H. R. Schmidt⁹³, M. O. Schmidt ³², M. Schmidt⁹³, N. V. Schmidt ⁸⁷, A. R. Schmier ¹²², R. Schotter ^102,129, A. Schröter ³⁸, J. Schukraft ³², K. Schweda ⁹⁷, G. Scioli ²⁵, E. Scomparin ⁵⁶, J. E. Seger ¹⁴, Y. Sekiguchi¹²⁴, D. Sekihata ¹²⁴, M. Selina ⁸⁴, I. Selyuzhenkov ⁹⁷, S. Senyukov ¹²⁹, J. J. Seo ⁹⁴, D. Serebryakov ¹⁴¹, L. Serkin ⁶⁵, L. Šerkšnytė ⁹⁵, A. Sevcenco ⁶³, T. J. Shaba ⁶⁸, A. Shabetai ¹⁰³, R. Shahoyan³², A. Shangaraev ¹⁴¹, B. Sharma ⁹¹, D. Sharma ⁴⁷, H. Sharma ⁵⁴, M. Sharma ⁹¹, S. Sharma ⁷⁶, S. Sharma ⁹¹, U. Sharma ⁹¹, A. Shatat ¹³¹, O. Sheibani¹¹⁶, K. Shigaki ⁹², M. Shimomura⁷⁷, J. Shin¹², S. Shirinkin ¹⁴¹, Q. Shou ³⁹, Y. Sibiriak ¹⁴¹, S. Siddhanta ⁵², T. Siemiarczuk ⁷⁹, T. F. Silva ¹¹⁰, D. Silvermyr ⁷⁵, T. Simantathammakul¹⁰⁵, R. Simeonov ³⁶, B. Singh⁹¹, B. Singh ⁹⁵, K. Singh ⁴⁸, R. Singh ⁸⁰, R. Singh ⁹¹, R. Singh ⁹⁷, S. Singh ¹⁵, V. K. Singh ¹³⁵, V. Singhal ¹³⁵, T. Sinha ⁹⁹, B. Sitar ¹³, M. Sitta ^133,56, T. B. Skaali¹⁹, G. Skorodumovs ⁹⁴, N. Smirnov ¹³⁸, R. J. M. Snellings ⁵⁹, E. H. Solheim ¹⁹, J. Song ¹⁶, C. Sonnabend ^32,97, J. M. Sonneveld ⁸⁴, F. Soramel ²⁷, A. B. Soto-Hernandez ⁸⁸, R. Spijkers ⁸⁴, I. Sputowska ¹⁰⁷, J. Staa ⁷⁵, J. Stachel ⁹⁴, I. Stan ⁶³, P. J. Steffanic ¹²², T. Stellhorn¹²⁶, S. F. Stiefelmaier ⁹⁴, D. Stocco ¹⁰³, I. Storehaug ¹⁹, N. J. Strangmann ⁶⁴, P. Stratmann ¹²⁶, S. Strazzi ²⁵, A. Sturniolo ^30,53, C. P. Stylianidis⁸⁴, A. A. P. Suaide ¹¹⁰, C. Suire ¹³¹, M. Sukhanov ¹⁴¹, M. Suljic ³², R. Sultanov ¹⁴¹, V. Sumberia ⁹¹, S. Sumowidagdo ⁸², M. Szymkowski ¹³⁶, S. F. Taghavi ⁹⁵, G. Taillepied ⁹⁷, J. Takahashi ¹¹¹, G. J. Tambave ⁸⁰, S. Tang ⁶, Z. Tang ¹²⁰, J. D. Tapia Takaki ¹¹⁸, N. Tapus¹¹³, L. A. Tarasovicova ³⁷, M. G. Tarzila ⁴⁵, G. F. Tassielli ³¹, A. Tauro ³², A. Tavira García ¹³¹, G. Tejeda Muñoz ⁴⁴, L. Terlizzi ²⁴, C. Terrevoli ⁵⁰, S. Thakur ⁴, D. Thomas ¹⁰⁸, A. Tikhonov ¹⁴¹, N. Tiltmann ^32,126, A. R. Timmins ¹¹⁶, M. Tkacik¹⁰⁶, T. Tkacik ¹⁰⁶, A. Toia ⁶⁴, R. Tokumoto⁹², S. Tomassini²⁵, K. Tomohiro⁹², N. Topilskaya ¹⁴¹, M. Toppi ⁴⁹, V. V. Torres ¹⁰³, A. G. Torres Ramos ³¹, A. Trifiró ^30,53, T. Triloki⁹⁶, A. S. Triolo ^32,30,53, S. Tripathy ³², T. Tripathy ⁴⁷, S. Trogolo ²⁴, V. Trubnikov ³, W. H. Trzaska ¹¹⁷, T. P. Trzcinski ¹³⁶, C. Tsolanta¹⁹, R. Tu³⁹, A. Tumkin ¹⁴¹, R. Turrisi ⁵⁴, T. S. Tveter ¹⁹, K. Ullaland ²⁰, B. Ulukutlu ⁹⁵, S. Upadhyaya ¹⁰⁷, A. Uras ¹²⁸, M. Urioni ¹³⁴, G. L. Usai ²², M. Vala³⁷, N. Valle ⁵⁵, L. V. R. van Doremalen⁵⁹, M. van Leeuwen ⁸⁴, C. A. van Veen ⁹⁴, R. J. G. van Weelden ⁸⁴, P. Vande Vyvre ³², D. Varga ⁴⁶, Z. Varga ⁴⁶, P. Vargas Torres⁶⁵, M. Vasileiou ⁷⁸, A. Vasiliev ^141,e, O. Vázquez Doce ⁴⁹, O. Vazquez Rueda ¹¹⁶, V. Vechernin ¹⁴¹, E. Vercellin ²⁴, S. Vergara Limón⁴⁴, R. Verma⁴⁷, L. Vermunt ⁹⁷, R. Vértesi ⁴⁶, M. Verweij ⁵⁹, L. Vickovic³³, Z. Vilakazi¹²³, O. Villalobos Baillie ¹⁰⁰, A. Villani ²³, A. Vinogradov ¹⁴¹, T. Virgili ²⁸, M. M. O. Virta ¹¹⁷, A. Vodopyanov ¹⁴², B. Volkel ³², M. A. Völkl ⁹⁴, S. A. Voloshin ¹³⁷, G. Volpe ³¹, B. von Haller ³², I. Vorobyev ³², N. Vozniuk ¹⁴¹, J. Vrláková ³⁷, J. Wan³⁹, C. Wang ³⁹, D. Wang³⁹, Y. Wang ³⁹, Y. Wang ⁶, Z. Wang ³⁹, A. Wegrzynek ³², F. T. Weiglhofer³⁸, S. C. Wenzel ³², J. P. Wessels ¹²⁶, J. Wiechula ⁶⁴, J. Wikne ¹⁹, G. Wilk ⁷⁹, J. Wilkinson ⁹⁷, G. A. Willems ¹²⁶, B. Windelband ⁹⁴, M. Winn ¹³⁰, J. R. Wright ¹⁰⁸, W. Wu³⁹, Y. Wu ¹²⁰, Z. Xiong¹²⁰, R. Xu ⁶, A. Yadav ⁴², A. K. Yadav ¹³⁵, Y. Yamaguchi ⁹², S. Yang²⁰, S. Yano ⁹², E. R. Yeats¹⁸, Z. Yin ⁶, I.-K. Yoo ¹⁶, J. H. Yoon ⁵⁸, H. Yu¹², S. Yuan²⁰, A. Yuncu ⁹⁴, V. Zaccolo ²³, C. Zampolli ³², F. Zanone ⁹⁴, N. Zardoshti ³², A. Zarochentsev ¹⁴¹, P. Závada ⁶², N. Zaviyalov¹⁴¹, M. Zhalov ¹⁴¹, B. Zhang ^94,6, C. Zhang ¹³⁰, L. Zhang ³⁹, M. Zhang ^127,6, M. Zhang ⁶, S. Zhang ³⁹, X. Zhang ⁶, Y. Zhang¹²⁰, Z. Zhang ⁶, M. Zhao ¹⁰, V. Zherebchevskii ¹⁴¹, Y. Zhi¹⁰, D. Zhou ⁶, Y. Zhou ⁸³, J. Zhu ^54,6, S. Zhu¹²⁰, Y. Zhu⁶, S. C. Zugravel ⁵⁶, and N. Zurlo ^134,55 (ALICE Collaboration)

¹A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia
²AGH University of Krakow, Cracow, Poland
³Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
⁴Bose Institute, Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
⁵California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, United States
⁶Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
⁷Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
⁸Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico
⁹Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
¹⁰China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
¹¹China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
¹²Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
¹³Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
¹⁴Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
¹⁵Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
¹⁶Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
¹⁷Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
¹⁸Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
¹⁹Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
²⁰Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
²¹Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
²²Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
²³Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
²⁴Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
²⁵Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
²⁶Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
²⁷Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
²⁸Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell'Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
²⁹Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
³⁰Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
³¹Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
³²European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
³³Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
³⁴Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
³⁵Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
³⁶Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
³⁷Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
³⁸Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
³⁹Fudan University, Shanghai, China
⁴⁰Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
⁴¹Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India
⁴²Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
⁴³Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
⁴⁴High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
⁴⁵Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
⁴⁶HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
⁴⁷Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
⁴⁸Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
⁴⁹INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
⁵⁰INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
⁵¹INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
⁵²INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
⁵³INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
⁵⁴INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
⁵⁵INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
⁵⁶INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
⁵⁷INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
⁵⁸Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
⁵⁹Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
⁶⁰Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
⁶¹Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
⁶²Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
⁶³Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
⁶⁴Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
⁶⁵Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
⁶⁶Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
⁶⁷Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
⁶⁸iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
⁶⁹Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
⁷⁰Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany
⁷¹Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
⁷²KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
⁷³Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
⁷⁴Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States
⁷⁵Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
⁷⁶Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
⁷⁷Nara Women's University (NWU), Nara, Japan
⁷⁸National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
⁷⁹National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
⁸⁰National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
⁸¹National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
⁸²National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia
⁸³Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
⁸⁴Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
⁸⁵Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom
⁸⁶Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
⁸⁷Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States
⁸⁸Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
⁸⁹Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
⁹⁰Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
⁹¹Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
⁹²Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
⁹³Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
⁹⁴Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
⁹⁵Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
⁹⁶Politecnico di Bari and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
⁹⁷Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
⁹⁸Saga University, Saga, Japan
⁹⁹Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
¹⁰⁰School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
¹⁰¹Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
¹⁰²Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
¹⁰³SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
¹⁰⁴Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
¹⁰⁵Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
¹⁰⁶Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
¹⁰⁷The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
¹⁰⁸The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
¹⁰⁹Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
¹¹⁰Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
¹¹¹Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
¹¹²Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
¹¹³Universitatea Nationala de Stiinta si Tehnologie Politehnica Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania
¹¹⁴University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
¹¹⁵University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
¹¹⁶University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
¹¹⁷University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
¹¹⁸University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
¹¹⁹University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
¹²⁰University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
¹²¹University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
¹²²University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
¹²³University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
¹²⁴University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
¹²⁵University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
¹²⁶Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Münster, Germany
¹²⁷Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
¹²⁸Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
¹²⁹Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
¹³⁰Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
¹³¹Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
¹³²Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
¹³³Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
¹³⁴Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
¹³⁵Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
¹³⁶Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
¹³⁷Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
¹³⁸Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
¹³⁹Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
¹⁴⁰Zentrum für Technologie und Transfer (ZTT), Worms, Germany
¹⁴¹Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
¹⁴²Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN

^aAlso at: Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich, Germany.
^bAlso at: Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Bologna, Italy.
^cAlso at: Dipartimento DET del Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
^dAlso at: Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
^eDeceased.
^fAlso at: An institution covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN.
^gAlso at: Department of Applied Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
^hAlso at: Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Poland.

PDF

Phys. Rev. C 111, 064913 – Published 30 June, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zx6t-29hf

Abstract

The correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of symmetry planes are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$ recorded by the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. This analysis is conducted using the Gaussian estimator technique, which is insensitive to biases from correlations between different flow amplitudes. The study presents, for the first time, the centrality dependence of correlations involving up to five different symmetry planes. The correlation strength varies depending on the harmonic order of the symmetry plane and the collision centrality. Comparisons with measurements from lower energies indicate no significant differences within uncertainties. Additionally, the results are compared with hydrodynamic model calculations. Although the model predictions provide a qualitative explanation of the experimental results, they overestimate the data for some observables. This is particularly true for correlators that are sensitive to the nonlinear response of the medium to initial-state anisotropies in the collision system. As these new correlators provide unique information—independent of flow amplitudes—their usage in future model developments can further constrain the properties of the strongly interacting matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.

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Phys. Rev. C 111, 064913– Published 30 June, 2025

Vol. 111, Iss. 6 — June 2025

Received 30 September 2024
Accepted 30 May 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zx6t-29hf

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by CERN.

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Higher-order symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$

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Higher-order symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV

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References (71)

Higher-order symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$