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    Production of unknown neutron-deficient isotopes near Sn100 in multinucleon transfer reactions

    Na Tang1,2, Si Ying Ma1, Xin-Rui Zhang3, Cheng Li3, Jing-Jing Li4, Rong An1,2,*, and Feng-Shou Zhang2,5,6,†

    • *Contact author: rongan@nxu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: fszhang@bnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. C 114, 024604 – Published 6 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/y6zq-hrsj

    Abstract

    The properties of neutron-deficient isotopes far from the β-stability line are crucial for exploring the position of the proton drip line and shell evolution. Nuclei in the vicinity of the doubly magic nucleus Sn100 provide a potential access to explore nuclear structure properties. In this work, the temperature dependence of shell corrections on the potential energy surface is incorporated into the dinuclear system (DNS) model. It is observed that the production cross sections of isotopes with Z=40–54 in the multinucleon transfer (MNT) reaction Ni64+Pb208 are significantly improved, showing better agreement with the experimental data. The production cross sections for isotopes with Z=46–54 are calculated using the DNS model, and calculated values are compared with cross sections measured in the laboratories via projectile fragmentation and fusion reactions. The results indicate that MNT reaction is suggested as an available approach for producing new neutron-deficient nuclei near Sn100. Furthermore, the cross sections for producing Z=50–54 isotopes in the Ni58+Cd106, Ni56+Cd106, and Ni56+Sn112 reactions are also calculated. The effects of the neutron-to-proton ratio (N/Z) in both the projectile and target nuclei, the incident energy, and the shell effects on the production cross sections of new isotopes are investigated as well. It is found that the reaction Ni56+Cd106 at an incident energy of Ec.m.=232MeV is more favorable for producing neutron-deficient isotopes with Z=50–54.

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