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Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in sNN=5.36TeV O16+O16 and Ne20+Ne20 collisions with the ATLAS detector

G. Aad103, E. Aakvaag17, B. Abbott122, S. Abdelhameed118a, K. Abeling55, N. J. Abicht49, S. H. Abidi30, M. Aboelela45, A. Aboulhorma36e et al. (ATLAS Collaboration)

A. Aboulhorma36e, H. Abramowicz156, Y. Abulaiti119, B. S. Acharya69a,69b,a, A. Ackermann63a, C. Adam Bourdarios4, L. Adamczyk86a, S. V. Addepalli148, M. J. Addison102, J. Adelman117, A. Adiguzel22c, T. Adye136, A. A. Affolder138, Y. Afik40, M. N. Agaras13, A. Aggarwal101, C. Agheorghiesei28c, F. Ahmadov39,b, S. Ahuja96, S. Ahuja168, X. Ai142b, G. Aielli76a,76b, A. Aikot168, M. Ait Tamlihat36e, B. Aitbenchikh36a, T. P. A. Åkesson99, A. V. Akimov150, D. Akiyama173, N. N. Akolkar25, S. Aktas171, G. L. Alberghi24b, J. Albert170, U. Alberti20, P. Albicocco53, G. L. Albouy60, S. Alderweireldt52, Z. L. Alegria123, M. Aleksa37, I. N. Aleksandrov39, C. Alexa28b, T. Alexopoulos10, F. Alfonsi24b, M. Algren56, M. Alhroob172, B. Ali134, H. M. J. Ali92,c, S. Ali32, S. W. Alibocus93, M. Aliev34c, G. Alimonti71a, W. Alkakhi55, C. Allaire66, B. M. M. Allbrooke151, D. R. Allen123, J. S. Allen102, J. F. Allen52, P. P. Allport21, A. Aloisio72a,72b, F. Alonso91, C. Alpigiani141, Z. M. K. Alsolami92, A. Alvarez Fernandez101, M. Alves Cardoso56, M. G. Alviggi72a,72b, M. Aly102, Y. Amaral Coutinho82b, A. Ambler105, C. Amelung37, M. Amerl102, C. G. Ames110, T. Amezza129, D. Amidei107, B. Amini54, K. Amirie160, A. Amirkhanov39, S. P. Amor Dos Santos132a, K. R. Amos168, D. Amperiadou157, S. An83, C. Anastopoulos144, T. Andeen11, J. K. Anders93, A. C. Anderson59, A. Andreazza71a,71b, S. Angelidakis9, A. Angerami42, A. V. Anisenkov39, A. Annovi74a, C. Antel37, E. Antipov150, M. Antonelli53, F. Anulli75a, M. Aoki83, T. Aoki158, M. A. Aparo151, L. Aperio Bella48, M. Apicella31, C. Appelt156, A. Apyan27, M. Arampatzi10, S. J. Arbiol Val87, C. Arcangeletti53, A. T. H. Arce51, J-F. Arguin109, S. Argyropoulos157, J.-H. Arling48, O. Arnaez4, H. Arnold150, G. Artoni75a,75b, H. Asada112, K. Asai120, S. Asatryan178, N. A. Asbah37, R. A. Ashby Pickering172, A. M. Aslam96, K. Assamagan30, R. Astalos29a, K. S. V. Astrand99, S. Atashi164, R. J. Atkin34a, H. Atmani36f, P. A. Atmasiddha130, K. Augsten134, A. D. Auriol41, V. A. Austrup102, A. S. Avad95, G. Avolio37, K. Axiotis56, A. Azzam13, D. Babal29b, H. Bachacou137, K. Bachas157,d, A. Bachiu35, E. Bachmann50, M. J. Backes63a, A. Badea40, T. M. Baer107, P. Bagnaia75a,75b, M. Bahmani19, D. Bahner54, K. Bai125, J. T. Baines136, L. Baines95, O. K. Baker177, E. Bakos16, D. Bakshi Gupta8, L. E. Balabram Filho82b, V. Balakrishnan122, R. Balasubramanian4, E. M. Baldin38, P. Balek86a, E. Ballabene24a,24b, F. Balli137, L. M. Baltes63a, W. K. Balunas33, J. Balz101, I. Bamwidhi118b, E. Banas87, M. Bandieramonte131, A. Bandyopadhyay25, S. Bansal25, L. Barak156, M. Barakat48, E. L. Barberio106, D. Barberis18b, M. Barbero103, M. Z. Barel116, T. Barillari111, M-S. Barisits37, T. Barklow148, P. Baron135, D. A. Baron Moreno102, A. Baroncelli62, A. J. Barr128, J. D. Barr97, F. Barreiro100, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa14, M. G. Barros Teixeira132a, S. Barsov38, F. Bartels63a, R. Bartoldus148, A. E. Barton92, P. Bartos29a, M. Baselga49, S. 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Bhatta150, P. Bhattarai148, Z. M. Bhatti119, K. D. Bhide54, V. S. Bhopatkar123, R. M. Bianchi131, G. Bianco24a,24b, O. Biebel110, M. Biglietti77a, C. S. Billingsley45, Y. Bimgdi36f, M. Bindi55, A. Bingham176, A. Bingul22b, C. Bini75a,75b, G. A. Bird33, M. Birman174, M. Biros135, S. Biryukov151, T. Bisanz49, E. Bisceglie24a,24b, J. P. Biswal136, D. Biswas146, I. Bloch48, A. Blue59, U. Blumenschein95, V. S. Bobrovnikov39, L. Boccardo57a,57b, M. Boehler54, B. Boehm171, D. Bogavac13, A. G. Bogdanchikov38, L. S. Boggia129, V. Boisvert96, P. Bokan37, T. Bold86a, M. Bomben5, M. Bona95, M. Boonekamp137, A. G. Borbély59, I. S. Bordulev38, G. Borissov92, D. Bortoletto128, D. Boscherini24b, M. Bosman13, K. Bouaouda36a, N. Bouchhar168, L. Boudet4, J. Boudreau131, E. V. Bouhova-Thacker92, D. Boumediene41, R. Bouquet57a,57b, A. Boveia121, J. Boyd37, D. Boye30, I. R. Boyko39, L. Bozianu56, J. Bracinik21, N. Brahimi4, G. Brandt176, O. Brandt33, B. Brau104, J. E. Brau125, R. Brener174, L. Brenner116, R. Brenner166, S. Bressler174, G. Brianti78a,78b, D. Britton59, D. Britzger111, I. Brock25, R. Brock108, G. Brooijmans42, A. J. Brooks68, E. M. Brooks161b, E. Brost30, L. M. Brown161a,170, L. E. Bruce61, T. L. Bruckler128, P. A. Bruckman de Renstrom87, B. Brüers48, A. Bruni24b, G. Bruni24b, D. Brunner47a,47b, M. Bruschi24b, N. Bruscino75a,75b, T. Buanes17, Q. Buat141, D. Buchin111, A. G. Buckley59, O. Bulekov81, B. A. Bullard148, S. Burdin93, C. D. Burgard49, A. M. Burger90, B. Burghgrave8, O. Burlayenko54, J. Burleson167, J. C. Burzynski147, E. L. Busch42, V. Büscher101, P. J. Bussey59, O. But25, J. M. Butler26, C. M. Buttar59, J. M. Butterworth97, W. Buttinger136, C. J. Buxo Vazquez108, A. R. Buzykaev39, S. Cabrera Urbán168, L. Cadamuro66, H. Cai37, Y. Cai113c,24a,24b, Y. Cai113a, V. M. M. Cairo37, O. Cakir3a, N. Calace37, P. Calafiura18a, G. Calderini129, P. Calfayan35, L. Calic99, G. Callea59, L. P. Caloba82b, D. Calvet41, S. Calvet41, R. Camacho Toro129, S. Camarda37, D. Camarero Munoz27, P. Camarri76a,76b, C. Camincher170, M. Campanelli97, A. Camplani43, V. Canale72a,72b, A. C. Canbay3a, E. Canonero96, J. Cantero168, Y. Cao167, F. Capocasa27, M. Capua44a,44b, A. Carbone71a,71b, R. Cardarelli76a, J. C. J. Cardenas8, M. P. Cardiff27, G. Carducci44a,44b, T. Carli37, G. Carlino72a, J. I. Carlotto13, B. T. Carlson131,g, E. M. Carlson170, J. Carmignani93, L. Carminati71a,71b, A. Carnelli4, M. Carnesale37, S. Caron115, E. Carquin139g, I. B. Carr106, S. Carrá73a,73b, G. Carratta24a,24b, C. Carrion Martinez168, A. M. Carroll125, M. P. Casado13,h, P. Casolaro72a,72b, M. Caspar48, W. R. Castiglioni40, F. L. Castillo4, L. Castillo Garcia13, V. Castillo Gimenez168, N. F. Castro132a,132e, A. Catinaccio37, J. R. Catmore127, T. Cavaliere4, V. Cavaliere30, L. J. Caviedes Betancourt23b, E. Celebi81, S. Cella37, V. Cepaitis56, K. Cerny124, A. S. Cerqueira82a, A. Cerri74a,i, L. Cerrito76a,76b, F. Cerutti18a, B. Cervato71a,71b, A. Cervelli24b, G. 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Zormpa46, and L. Zwalinski37 (ATLAS Collaboration)

  • aAlso at Department of Physics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • bAlso at Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan.
  • cAlso at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia.
  • dAlso at Department of Physics, University of Thessaly, Greece.
  • eAlso at An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
  • fAlso at Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  • gAlso at Department of Physics, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, USA.
  • hAlso at Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • iAlso at University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
  • jAlso at Affiliated with an institute formerly covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN.
  • kAlso at The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing, China.
  • lAlso at Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Sofia, Bulgaria.
  • mAlso at Università di Napoli Parthenope, Napoli, Italy.
  • nAlso at Institute of Particle Physics (IPP), Canada.
  • oAlso at Department of Physics, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye.
  • pDeceased.
  • qAlso at Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
  • rAlso at Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA.
  • sAlso at Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios, Greece.
  • tAlso at TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • uAlso at Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
  • vAlso at Henan University, Henan, China.
  • wAlso at Yeditepe University, Physics Department, Istanbul, Türkiye.
  • xAlso at Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
  • yAlso at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • zAlso at Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.
  • aaAlso at Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece.
  • abAlso at Department of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
  • acAlso at Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • adAlso at Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
  • aeAlso at Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
  • afAlso at Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Genève, Switzerland.
  • agAlso at Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
  • ahAlso at Centre of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP), Portugal.
  • aiAlso at Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
  • ajAlso at Washington College, Chestertown, Maryland, USA.
  • akAlso at Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco.
  • alAlso at Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
  • amAlso at Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
  • anAlso at Millennium Institute for Subatomic Physics at High Energy Frontier (SAPHIR), Santiago, Chile.
  • aoAlso at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.

Phys. Rev. C 113, 045205 – Published 13 April, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xqxz-8bhf

Abstract

This paper presents the first measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy coefficients vn, which quantify the nth-order Fourier modulation of charged-particle azimuthal distributions, for n=2−4 in sNN=5.36TeVO16+O16 and Ne20+Ne20 collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2025. The vn coefficients are measured as a function of transverse momentum (pT), collision centrality, and event multiplicity. They are extracted using two complementary methods: two-particle correlations with a template-fit subtraction of short-range nonflow contributions, and four-particle subevent cumulants, which intrinsically suppress nonflow effects and provide sensitivity to flow fluctuations. The results show a clear hierarchy v2>v3>v4 and a nonmonotonic dependence on pT, reaching a maximum around 2GeV, consistent with trends observed in heavy-ion collisions. Detailed comparisons between the two collision systems reveal an enhanced v2 in central Ne20+Ne20 collisions, consistent with theory expectations based on the predicted prolate deformation of neon nuclei, in contrast to the slightly tetrahedral structure predicted for oxygen. The four-particle cumulant results highlight strong event-by-event fluctuations and provide the greatest sensitivity to nuclear shape effects. These measurements can place new constraints on the initial geometry and the hydrodynamic response in light-ion collisions, offering valuable input for models of nuclear structure.

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Article Text

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