Employing the relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory with intrinsic electromagnetic structure corrections, this work primarily investigates the charge properties of halo nuclei along the Ne and P isotopic chains. Our results characterize halo nuclei by an extended tail in the charge density and distinct signatures in the charge form factors at low momentum transfer. Moreover, the higher-order radial moments of nuclear charge density, particularly the eighth moment, exhibit pronounced oscillations, serving as a key indicator of the neutron halo structure. These special features in nuclear charge distributions will serve as key references for identifying halo nuclei.

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• Nuclear charge distribution
• Nuclear structure & decays
• 20 ≤ A ≤ 38
• 6 ≤ A ≤ 19
• Nuclear density functional theory