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    Empirical formula for total inelastic cross section of proton-nucleus scattering

    Hemant Kumar, Tanmay Maji*, Deepa Gupta, and Ashavani Kumar

    • *Contact author: tanmayphy@nitkkr.ac.in

    Phys. Rev. C 114, 024607 – Published 17 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/vjxf-v7c4

    Abstract

    We propose a generic empirical formula for total inelastic cross sections for various target nuclei scattered by a proton at different energies, which is applicable over a wide range of energy from 15MeV to 1TeV. The proposed model is parameterized based on the fitting of extensively studied experimental cross-section data for the aluminium and carbon nuclei targets, considering factorization over high-energy and low-energy regimes. The parameters in high-energy formula are determined by the fitting of the high-energy saturation value of the inelastic scattering cross-section data with mass numbers. The universality of the empirical formula is investigated by comparing the model prediction with the experimental data of inelastic proton-nucleus scattering over a wide range from light elements such as deuterium to heavy elements such as uranium. A detailed comparison with the existing models and GEANT4 simulation is also presented.

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