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    Symmetry energy and its impact on the characteristics of asymmetric nuclear dense matter

    Queena1,*, Mukul Kumar1,†, Raj Kumar1,‡, and Shashi K. Dhiman1,2,§

    • 1Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla 171005, India
    • 2School of Applied Sciences, Himachal Pradesh Technical University, Himachal Pradesh, Hamirpur 177001, India

    • *Contact author: queenadhiman252@gmail.com
    • †Contact author: mukulpathania120495@gmail.com
    • ‡Contact author: raj.phy@gmail.com
    • §Contact author: shashi.dhiman@gmail.com

    Phys. Rev. C 112, 025802 – Published 7 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hjn1-24xg

    Abstract

    We investigate the impact of slope of the symmetry energy (L) on asymmetric nuclear dense matter (neutron star) characteristics, specifically focusing on the maximum mass, radius, and dimensionless tidal deformability of a canonical mass star. To this aim, we consider a set of relativistic mean field (RMF) models based on the BSRV-CPREX parametrization [Phys. Rev. C 107, 055801 (2023)] wherein the interaction between nucleons and the rho meson, quantified by gρN, as well as the vector meson mixing interaction (ω2−ρ2), represented by Λωρ, are concurrently adjusted to achieve a wide range of L at saturation density ρ0 while keeping the isoscalar nuclear matter properties fixed at ρ0. We formulate a set of equations of state (EoSs) for β-equilibrated nucleonic matter corresponding to these RMF models, employing these EoSs to examine the influence of L on neutron star attributes, including maximum mass, radius, and dimensionless tidal deformability associated with canonical mass neutron stars (1.4M⊙). The analysis of our results suggests that various neutron star characteristics have a pronounced dependence on the slope of symmetry energy. The effect of L on the threshold density and mass for the onset of the direct Urca process is also examined.

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