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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Probing vortical structures in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC-BES energies through helicity polarization

Cong Yi1,*, Xiang-Yu Wu2,†, Di-Lun Yang3,‡, Jian-Hua Gao4,§, Shi Pu1,∥, and Guang-You Qin2,¶

  • 1Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
  • 2Institute of Particle Physics and Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE), Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
  • 3Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
  • 4Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209

  • *congyi@mail.ustc.edu.cn
  • †xiangyuwu@mails.ccnu.edu.cn
  • ‡dlyang@gate.sinica.edu.tw
  • §gaojh@sdu.edu.cn
  • ∥shipu@ustc.edu.cn
  • guangyou.qin@ccnu.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. C 109, L011901 – Published 5 January, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.L011901

Abstract

We investigate the azimuthal angle dependent local hydrodynamic helicity polarization of Λ hyperons, defined as the projection of the spin polarization vector along the directions of particle momenta, at BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider beam energy scan energies by utilizing the relativistic (3+1)D CLVisc hydrodynamics framework with SMASH initial conditions. As opposed to local spin polarization at high energy collisions, our hydrodynamic simulations demonstrate that the azimuthal angle dependent helicity polarization induced by the kinetic vorticity dominates over other contributions at intermediate and low collision energies. Our findings provide an opportunity to probe the fine structure of local kinetic vorticity as a function of azimuthal angle at intermediate and low collision energies by mapping our predictions to the future measurements in experiments.

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Phys. Rev. C 109, L011901– Published 5 January, 2024
  • Received 28 July 2023
  • Accepted 21 November 2023
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