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  • Letter

Accessing the shape of atomic nuclei with relativistic collisions of isobars

Giuliano Giacalone1, Jiangyong Jia2,3, and Vittorio Somà4

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
  • 2Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
  • 3Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11976, USA
  • 4IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Phys. Rev. C 104, L041903 – Published 20 October, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.104.L041903

Abstract

Nuclides sharing the same mass number (isobars) are observed ubiquitously along the stability line. While having nearly identical radii, stable isobars can differ in shape, and present different quadrupole deformations. We show that even small differences in these deformations can be probed by relativistic nuclear collisions experiments, where they manifest as deviations from unity in the ratios of elliptic flow coefficients taken between isobaric systems. Collider experiments with isobars represent, thus, a unique means to gain precise knowledge of the geometric shape of atomic nuclei.

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