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Effect of recoils on soft-drop-groomed observables in γ-tagged jets in a multistage approach

Y. Tachibana1,*, C. Sirimanna2,3, A. Majumder3, A. Angerami4, R. Arora5, S. A. Bass2, Y. Chen6,7,8, R. Datta3, L. Du9,10,11 et al. (JETSCAPE Collaboration)

L. Du9,10,11, R. Ehlers10,11, H. Elfner12,13,14, R. J. Fries15,16, C. Gale9, Y. He17, B. V. Jacak10,11, P. M. Jacobs10,11, S. Jeon9, Y. Ji18, F. Jonas10,11, L. Kasper6, M. Kordell, II15,16, A. Kumar19,9, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli6, J. Latessa5, Y.-J. Lee7,8, R. Lemmon20, M. Luzum21, S. Mak18, A. Mankolli6, C. Martin22, H. Mehryar5, T. Mengel22, C. Nattrass22, J. Norman23, C. Parker15,16, J.-F. Paquet6, J. H. Putschke3, H. Roch3, G. Roland7,8, B. Schenke24, L. Schwiebert5, A. Sengupta15,16, C. Shen3,25, M. Singh6, D. Soeder2, R. A. Soltz3,4, I. Soudi26,27,3, J. Velkovska6, G. Vujanovic19, X.-N. Wang28,10,11, X. Wu9,3, and W. Zhao10,11,3 (JETSCAPE Collaboration)

  • 1Akita International University, Yuwa, Akita-city 010-1292, Japan
  • 2Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
  • 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
  • 4Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
  • 5Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
  • 6Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
  • 7Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 8Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 9Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
  • 10Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94270, USA
  • 11Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, USA
  • 12GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
  • 13Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • 14Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • 15Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
  • 16Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
  • 17School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • 18Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
  • 19Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
  • 20STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
  • 21Instituto de Fìsica, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 66318, 05315-970 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 22Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
  • 23Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
  • 24Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
  • 25RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
  • 26University of Jyväskylä, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
  • 27Helsinki Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • 28Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China

  • *Contact author: ytachibana@aiu.ac.jp
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Phys. Rev. C 113, 034910 – Published 12 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7qxy-fz41

Abstract

We investigate medium-induced modifications to jet substructure observables that characterize hard components in central Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV. Using a multistage Monte Carlo simulation of in-medium jet shower evolution, we explore flavor-dependent medium effects through simulations of inclusive and γ-tagged jets. The results show that quark jets undergo a nonmonotonic modification compared with gluon jets in observables such as the Pb-Pb to p−p ratio of the soft drop prong angle rg, the relative prong transverse momentum kT,g, and the groomed mass mg distributions. Due to this nonmonotonic modification, γ-tagged jets, enriched in quark jets, provide surprisingly clear signals of medium-induced structural modifications, distinct from effects dominated by selection bias. Further systematic studies demonstrate that these effects are dominated by recoil medium response. This work highlights the potential of hard substructures in γ-tagged jets as powerful tools for probing the jet-medium interactions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, in particular by enabling detailed investigations of jet-medium parton scatterings via their associated medium response. All simulations for γ-tagged jet analyses carried out in this paper used triggered events containing at least one hard photon, which highlights the utility of these observables for future Bayesian analysis.

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Outline

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Phys. Rev. C 113, 034910– Published 12 March, 2026
  • Received 6 May 2025
  • Revised 17 November 2025
  • Accepted 6 February 2026
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