Exploring the giant dipole resonance width in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>Pb</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>208</mn></mmultiscripts></math> and its constraints on symmetry energy and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in the Extended Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model via a stochastic binary collision approach

Chen-Zhong Shi (施晨钟; Xiang-Zhou Cai (蔡翔舟; Yu-Gang Ma (马余刚

doi:10.1103/6782-953v

Exploring the giant dipole resonance width in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and its constraints on symmetry energy and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in the Extended Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model via a stochastic binary collision approach

Chen-Zhong Shi (施晨钟)^1,2, Xiang-Zhou Cai (蔡翔舟)^1,2, and Yu-Gang Ma (马余刚)^3,4,5,*

¹Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
²National Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201800, China
³Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
⁴Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics, NSFC and Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
⁵School of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

^*Contact author: mayugang@fudan.edu.cn

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Phys. Rev. C 113, 034614 – Published 19 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6782-953v

Abstract

Rather than using the geometric method employed in the original extended quantum molecular-dynamics (EQMD) model, this article employs a stochastic approach to analyze the collision term and examine the width of the isovector giant-dipole resonance (GDR) in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ . Based on the “soft” EQMD model, which we recently developed, the response and strength functions are self-consistently determined for various symmetry energy coefficients and in-medium reduction-factor values. The results confirm that the peak position and GDR width in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ are highly sensitive to the symmetry energy and the in-medium nucleon-nucleon ( $NN$ ) cross section. This provides an opportunity to study the nuclear equation of state (EoS) and the medium effect. A significant reduction in free $NN$ elastic cross sections within the medium is necessary to accurately reproduce the GDR width, as demonstrated by a comparison with the evaluation data.

Physical Review C

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Exploring the giant dipole resonance width in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and its constraints on symmetry energy and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in the Extended Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model via a stochastic binary collision approach

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Exploring the giant dipole resonance width in Pb208 and its constraints on symmetry energy and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in the Extended Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model via a stochastic binary collision approach

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Exploring the giant dipole resonance width in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and its constraints on symmetry energy and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in the Extended Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model via a stochastic binary collision approach