Open Access

First measurement of symmetric cumulants of hexagonal flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02$ TeV

S. Acharya ⁵⁰, A. Agarwal¹³³, G. Aglieri Rinella ³², L. Aglietta ²⁴, M. Agnello ²⁹, N. Agrawal ²⁵, Z. Ahammed ¹³³, S. Ahmad ¹⁵, S. U. Ahn ⁷¹ et al. (ALICE Collaboration)

S. U. Ahn ⁷¹, I. Ahuja ³⁶, A. Akindinov ¹³⁹, V. Akishina³⁸, M. Al-Turany ⁹⁶, D. Aleksandrov ¹³⁹, B. Alessandro ⁵⁶, H. M. Alfanda ⁶, R. Alfaro Molina ⁶⁷, B. Ali ¹⁵, A. Alici ²⁵, N. Alizadehvandchali ¹¹⁴, A. Alkin ¹⁰³, J. Alme ²⁰, G. Alocco ²⁴, T. Alt ⁶⁴, A. R. Altamura ⁵⁰, I. Altsybeev ⁹⁴, J. R. Alvarado ⁴⁴, M. N. Anaam ⁶, C. Andrei ⁴⁵, N. Andreou ¹¹³, A. Andronic ¹²⁴, E. Andronov ¹³⁹, V. Anguelov ⁹³, F. Antinori ⁵⁴, P. Antonioli ⁵¹, N. Apadula ⁷³, L. Aphecetche ¹⁰², H. Appelshäuser ⁶⁴, C. Arata ⁷², S. Arcelli ²⁵, R. Arnaldi ⁵⁶, J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro ¹⁰⁹, I. C. Arsene ¹⁹, M. Arslandok ¹³⁶, A. Augustinus ³², R. Averbeck ⁹⁶, D. Averyanov ¹³⁹, M. D. Azmi ¹⁵, H. Baba¹²², A. Badalà ⁵³, J. Bae ¹⁰³, Y. Bae ¹⁰³, Y. W. Baek ⁴⁰, X. Bai ¹¹⁸, R. Bailhache ⁶⁴, Y. Bailung ⁴⁸, R. Bala ⁹⁰, A. Baldisseri ¹²⁸, B. Balis ², Z. Banoo ⁹⁰, V. Barbasova³⁶, F. Barile ³¹, L. Barioglio ⁵⁶, M. Barlou ⁷⁷, B. Barman ⁴¹, G. G. Barnaföldi ⁴⁶, L. S. Barnby ¹¹³, E. Barreau ¹⁰², V. Barret ¹²⁵, L. Barreto ¹⁰⁹, C. Bartels ¹¹⁷, K. Barth ³², E. Bartsch ⁶⁴, N. Bastid ¹²⁵, S. Basu ⁷⁴, G. Batigne ¹⁰², D. Battistini ⁹⁴, B. Batyunya ¹⁴⁰, D. Bauri⁴⁷, J.L. Bazo Alba ¹⁰⁰, I. G. Bearden ⁸², P. Becht ⁹⁶, D. Behera ⁴⁸, I. Belikov ¹²⁷, A.D.C. Bell Hechavarria ¹²⁴, F. Bellini ²⁵, R. Bellwied ¹¹⁴, S. Belokurova ¹³⁹, L. G. E. Beltran ¹⁰⁸, Y. A. V. Beltran ⁴⁴, G. Bencedi ⁴⁶, A. Bensaoula¹¹⁴, S. Beole ²⁴, Y. Berdnikov ¹³⁹, A. Berdnikova ⁹³, L. Bergmann ⁹³, L. Bernardinis²³, M. G. Besoiu ⁶³, L. Betev ³², P. P. Bhaduri ¹³³, A. Bhasin ⁹⁰, B. Bhattacharjee ⁴¹, S. Bhattarai¹¹⁶, L. Bianchi ²⁴, J. Bielčík ³⁴, J. Bielčíková ⁸⁵, A. P. Bigot ¹²⁷, A. Bilandzic ⁹⁴, A. Binoy ¹¹⁶, G. Biro ⁴⁶, S. Biswas ⁴, N. Bize ¹⁰², J. T. Blair ¹⁰⁷, D. Blau ¹³⁹, M. B. Blidaru ⁹⁶, N. Bluhme³⁸, C. Blume ⁶⁴, F. Bock ⁸⁶, T. Bodova ²⁰, J. Bok ¹⁶, L. Boldizsár ⁴⁶, M. Bombara ³⁶, P. M. Bond ³², G. Bonomi ^132,55, H. Borel ¹²⁸, A. Borissov ¹³⁹, A.G. Borquez Carcamo ⁹³, E. Botta ²⁴, Y. E. M. Bouziani ⁶⁴, D. C. Brandibur⁶³, L. Bratrud ⁶⁴, P. Braun-Munzinger ⁹⁶, M. Bregant ¹⁰⁹, M. Broz ³⁴, G. E. Bruno ^31,95, V. D. Buchakchiev ³⁵, M. D. Buckland ⁸⁴, D. Budnikov ¹³⁹, H. Buesching ⁶⁴, S. Bufalino ²⁹, P. Buhler ¹⁰¹, N. Burmasov ¹³⁹, Z. Buthelezi ^121,68, A. Bylinkin ²⁰, S. A. Bysiak¹⁰⁶, J.C. Cabanillas Noris ¹⁰⁸, M. F. T. Cabrera ¹¹⁴, H. Caines ¹³⁶, A. Caliva ²⁸, E. Calvo Villar ¹⁰⁰, J. M. M. Camacho ¹⁰⁸, P. Camerini ²³, F. D. M. Canedo ¹⁰⁹, S. Cannito²³, S. L. Cantway ¹³⁶, M. Carabas ¹¹², A. A. Carballo ³², F. Carnesecchi ³², L. A. D. Carvalho ¹⁰⁹, J. Castillo Castellanos ¹²⁸, M. Castoldi ³², F. Catalano ³², S. Cattaruzzi ²³, R. Cerri ²⁴, I. Chakaberia ⁷³, P. Chakraborty ¹³⁴, S. Chandra ¹³³, S. Chapeland ³², M. Chartier ¹¹⁷, S. Chattopadhay¹³³, M. Chen³⁹, T. Cheng ⁶, C. Cheshkov ¹²⁶, D. Chiappara ²⁷, V. Chibante Barroso ³², D. D. Chinellato ¹⁰¹, F. Chinu ²⁴, E. S. Chizzali ^94,*, J. Cho ⁵⁸, S. Cho ⁵⁸, P. Chochula ³², Z. A. Chochulska¹³⁴, D. Choudhury⁴¹, S. Choudhury⁹⁸, P. Christakoglou ⁸³, C. H. Christensen ⁸², P. Christiansen ⁷⁴, T. Chujo ¹²³, M. Ciacco ²⁹, C. Cicalo ⁵², G. Cimador ²⁴, F. Cindolo ⁵¹, M. R. Ciupek⁹⁶, G. Clai^51,†, F. Colamaria ⁵⁰, J. S. Colburn⁹⁹, D. Colella ³¹, A. Colelli³¹, M. Colocci ²⁵, M. Concas ³², G. Conesa Balbastre ⁷², Z. Conesa del Valle ¹²⁹, G. Contin ²³, J. G. Contreras ³⁴, M. L. Coquet ¹⁰², P. Cortese ^131,56, M. R. Cosentino ¹¹¹, F. Costa ³², S. Costanza ²¹, M. D. Costanzo²⁹, P. Crochet ¹²⁵, M. M. Czarnynoga¹³⁴, A. Dainese ⁵⁴, G. Dange³⁸, M. C. Danisch ⁹³, A. Danu ⁶³, P. Das ^32,79, S. Das ⁴, A. R. Dash ¹²⁴, S. Dash ⁴⁷, A. De Caro ²⁸, G. de Cataldo ⁵⁰, J. de Cuveland ³⁸, A. De Falco ²², D. De Gruttola ²⁸, N. De Marco ⁵⁶, C. De Martin ²³, S. De Pasquale ²⁸, R. Deb ¹³², R. Del Grande ⁹⁴, L. Dello Stritto ³², W. Deng ⁶, K. C. Devereaux¹⁸, G. G. A. de Souza¹⁰⁹, P. Dhankher ¹⁸, D. Di Bari ³¹, A. Di Mauro ³², B. Di Ruzza ¹³⁰, B. Diab ¹²⁸, R. A. Diaz ^140,7, Y. Ding ⁶, J. Ditzel ⁶⁴, R. Divià ³², Ø. Djuvsland²⁰, U. Dmitrieva ¹³⁹, A. Dobrin ⁶³, B. Dönigus ⁶⁴, J. M. Dubinski ¹³⁴, A. Dubla ⁹⁶, P. Dupieux ¹²⁵, N. Dzalaiova¹³, T. M. Eder ¹²⁴, R. J. Ehlers ⁷³, F. Eisenhut ⁶⁴, R. Ejima ⁹¹, D. Elia ⁵⁰, B. Erazmus ¹⁰², F. Ercolessi ²⁵, B. Espagnon ¹²⁹, G. Eulisse ³², D. Evans ⁹⁹, S. Evdokimov ¹³⁹, L. Fabbietti ⁹⁴, M. Faggin ²³, J. Faivre ⁷², F. Fan ⁶, W. Fan ⁷³, A. Fantoni ⁴⁹, M. Fasel ⁸⁶, G. Feofilov ¹³⁹, A. Fernández Téllez ⁴⁴, L. Ferrandi ¹⁰⁹, M. B. Ferrer ³², A. Ferrero ¹²⁸, C. Ferrero ^56,‡, A. Ferretti ²⁴, V. J. G. Feuillard ⁹³, V. Filova ³⁴, D. Finogeev ¹³⁹, F. M. Fionda ⁵², E. Flatland³², F. Flor ¹³⁶, A. N. Flores ¹⁰⁷, S. Foertsch ⁶⁸, I. Fokin ⁹³, S. Fokin ¹³⁹, U. Follo ^56,‡, E. Fragiacomo ⁵⁷, E. Frajna ⁴⁶, U. Fuchs ³², N. Funicello ²⁸, C. Furget ⁷², A. Furs ¹³⁹, T. Fusayasu ⁹⁷, J. J. Gaardhøje ⁸², M. Gagliardi ²⁴, A. M. Gago ¹⁰⁰, T. Gahlaut⁴⁷, C. D. Galvan ¹⁰⁸, S. Gami⁷⁹, D. R. Gangadharan ¹¹⁴, P. Ganoti ⁷⁷, C. Garabatos ⁹⁶, J. M. Garcia ⁴⁴, T. García Chávez ⁴⁴, E. Garcia-Solis ⁹, S. Garetti¹²⁹, C. Gargiulo ³², P. Gasik ⁹⁶, H. M. Gaur³⁸, A. Gautam ¹¹⁶, M.B. Gay Ducati ⁶⁶, M. Germain ¹⁰², R. A. Gernhaeuser ⁹⁴, C. Ghosh¹³³, M. Giacalone ⁵¹, G. Gioachin ²⁹, S. K. Giri¹³³, P. Giubellino ^56,96, P. Giubilato ²⁷, A. M. C. Glaenzer ¹²⁸, P. Glässel ⁹³, E. Glimos ¹²⁰, D. J. Q. Goh⁷⁵, V. Gonzalez ¹³⁵, P. Gordeev ¹³⁹, M. Gorgon ², K. Goswami ⁴⁸, S. Gotovac ³³, V. Grabski ⁶⁷, L. K. Graczykowski ¹³⁴, E. Grecka ⁸⁵, A. Grelli ⁵⁹, C. Grigoras ³², V. Grigoriev ¹³⁹, S. Grigoryan ^1,140, F. Grosa ³², J. F. Grosse-Oetringhaus ³², R. Grosso ⁹⁶, D. Grund ³⁴, N. A. Grunwald⁹³, R. Guernane ⁷², M. Guilbaud ¹⁰², K. Gulbrandsen ⁸², J. K. Gumprecht ¹⁰¹, T. Gündem ⁶⁴, T. Gunji ¹²², J. Guo¹⁰, A. Gupta ⁹⁰, R. Gupta ⁹⁰, R. Gupta ⁴⁸, K. Gwizdziel ¹³⁴, L. Gyulai ⁴⁶, C. Hadjidakis ¹²⁹, F. U. Haider ⁹⁰, S. Haidlova ³⁴, M. Haldar⁴, H. Hamagaki ⁷⁵, Y. Han ¹³⁸, B. G. Hanley ¹³⁵, R. Hannigan ¹⁰⁷, J. Hansen ⁷⁴, M. R. Haque ⁹⁶, J. W. Harris ¹³⁶, A. Harton ⁹, M. V. Hartung ⁶⁴, H. Hassan ¹¹⁵, D. Hatzifotiadou ⁵¹, P. Hauer ⁴², L. B. Havener ¹³⁶, E. Hellbär ³², H. Helstrup ³⁷, M. Hemmer ⁶⁴, T. Herman ³⁴, S. G. Hernandez¹¹⁴, G. Herrera Corral ⁸, S. Herrmann ¹²⁶, K. F. Hetland ³⁷, B. Heybeck ⁶⁴, H. Hillemanns ³², B. Hippolyte ¹²⁷, I. P. M. Hobus ⁸³, F. W. Hoffmann ⁷⁰, B. Hofman ⁵⁹, M. Horst ⁹⁴, A. Horzyk ², Y. Hou ⁶, P. Hristov ³², P. Huhn⁶⁴, L. M. Huhta ¹¹⁵, T. J. Humanic ⁸⁷, A. Hutson ¹¹⁴, D. Hutter ³⁸, M. C. Hwang ¹⁸, R. Ilkaev¹³⁹, M. Inaba ¹²³, G. M. Innocenti ³², M. Ippolitov ¹³⁹, A. Isakov ⁸³, T. Isidori ¹¹⁶, M. S. Islam ^47,98, S. Iurchenko ¹³⁹, M. Ivanov ⁹⁶, M. Ivanov¹³, V. Ivanov ¹³⁹, K. E. Iversen ⁷⁴, M. Jablonski ², B. Jacak ^18,73, N. Jacazio ²⁵, P. M. Jacobs ⁷³, S. Jadlovska¹⁰⁵, J. Jadlovsky¹⁰⁵, S. Jaelani ⁸¹, C. Jahnke ¹¹⁰, M. J. Jakubowska ¹³⁴, M. A. Janik ¹³⁴, T. Janson⁷⁰, S. Ji ¹⁶, S. Jia ¹⁰, T. Jiang ¹⁰, A. A. P. Jimenez ⁶⁵, F. Jonas ⁷³, D. M. Jones ¹¹⁷, J. M. Jowett ^32,96, J. Jung ⁶⁴, M. Jung ⁶⁴, A. Junique ³², A. Jusko ⁹⁹, J. Kaewjai¹⁰⁴, P. Kalinak ⁶⁰, A. Kalweit ³², A. Karasu Uysal ¹³⁷, D. Karatovic ⁸⁸, N. Karatzenis⁹⁹, O. Karavichev ¹³⁹, T. Karavicheva ¹³⁹, E. Karpechev ¹³⁹, M. J. Karwowska ¹³⁴, U. Kebschull ⁷⁰, M. Keil ³², B. Ketzer ⁴², J. Keul ⁶⁴, S. S. Khade ⁴⁸, A. M. Khan ¹¹⁸, S. Khan ¹⁵, A. Khanzadeev ¹³⁹, Y. Kharlov ¹³⁹, A. Khatun ¹¹⁶, A. Khuntia ³⁴, Z. Khuranova ⁶⁴, B. Kileng ³⁷, B. Kim ¹⁰³, C. Kim ¹⁶, D. J. Kim ¹¹⁵, D. Kim ¹⁰³, E. J. Kim ⁶⁹, J. Kim ¹³⁸, J. Kim ⁵⁸, J. Kim ^32,69, M. Kim ¹⁸, S. Kim ¹⁷, T. Kim ¹³⁸, K. Kimura ⁹¹, S. Kirsch ⁶⁴, I. Kisel ³⁸, S. Kiselev ¹³⁹, A. Kisiel ¹³⁴, J. L. Klay ⁵, J. Klein ³², S. Klein ⁷³, C. Klein-Bösing ¹²⁴, M. Kleiner ⁶⁴, T. Klemenz ⁹⁴, A. Kluge ³², C. Kobdaj ¹⁰⁴, R. Kohara¹²², T. Kollegger⁹⁶, A. Kondratyev ¹⁴⁰, N. Kondratyeva ¹³⁹, J. Konig ⁶⁴, S. A. Konigstorfer ⁹⁴, P. J. Konopka ³², G. Kornakov ¹³⁴, M. Korwieser ⁹⁴, S. D. Koryciak ², C. Koster ⁸³, A. Kotliarov ⁸⁵, N. Kovacic ⁸⁸, V. Kovalenko ¹³⁹, M. Kowalski ¹⁰⁶, V. Kozhuharov ³⁵, G. Kozlov³⁸, I. Králik ⁶⁰, A. Kravčáková ³⁶, L. Krcal ³², M. Krivda ^60,99, F. Krizek ⁸⁵, K. Krizkova Gajdosova ³⁴, C. 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U. Mikalsen²⁰, K. Mikhaylov ^139,140, N. Minafra ¹¹⁶, D. Miśkowiec ⁹⁶, A. Modak ^132,57, B. Mohanty ⁷⁹, M. Mohisin Khan ^15,∥, M. A. Molander ⁴³, M. M. Mondal ⁷⁹, S. Monira ¹³⁴, C. Mordasini ¹¹⁵, D.A. Moreira De Godoy ¹²⁴, I. Morozov ¹³⁹, A. Morsch ³², T. Mrnjavac ³², V. Muccifora ⁴⁹, S. Muhuri ¹³³, A. Mulliri ²², M. G. Munhoz ¹⁰⁹, R. H. Munzer ⁶⁴, H. Murakami ¹²², L. Musa ³², J. Musinsky ⁶⁰, J. W. Myrcha ¹³⁴, B. Naik ¹²¹, A. I. Nambrath ¹⁸, B. K. Nandi ⁴⁷, R. Nania ⁵¹, E. Nappi ⁵⁰, A. F. Nassirpour ¹⁷, V. Nastase¹¹², A. Nath ⁹³, C. Nattrass ¹²⁰, K. Naumov¹⁸, M. N. Naydenov ³⁵, A. Neagu¹⁹, A. Negru¹¹², L. Nellen ⁶⁵, R. Nepeivoda ⁷⁴, S. Nese ¹⁹, N. Nicassio ³¹, B. S. Nielsen ⁸², E. G. Nielsen ⁸², S. Nikolaev ¹³⁹, V. Nikulin ¹³⁹, F. Noferini ⁵¹, S. Noh ¹², P. Nomokonov ¹⁴⁰, J. Norman ¹¹⁷, N. Novitzky ⁸⁶, A. Nyanin ¹³⁹, J. Nystrand ²⁰, M. R. Ockleton¹¹⁷, S. Oh ¹⁷, A. Ohlson ⁷⁴, V. A. Okorokov ¹³⁹, J. Oleniacz ¹³⁴, A. Onnerstad ¹¹⁵, C. Oppedisano ⁵⁶, A. Ortiz Velasquez ⁶⁵, J. Otwinowski ¹⁰⁶, M. Oya⁹¹, K. Oyama ⁷⁵, S. Padhan ⁴⁷, D. Pagano ^132,55, G. Paić ⁶⁵, S. Paisano-Guzmán ⁴⁴, A. Palasciano ⁵⁰, I. Panasenko⁷⁴, S. Panebianco ¹²⁸, P. Panigrahi ⁴⁷, C. Pantouvakis ²⁷, H. Park ¹²³, J. Park ¹²³, S. Park ¹⁰³, J. E. Parkkila ³², Y. Patley ⁴⁷, R. N. Patra⁵⁰, P. Paudel¹¹⁶, B. Paul ¹³³, H. Pei ⁶, T. Peitzmann ⁵⁹, X. Peng ¹¹, M. Pennisi ²⁴, S. Perciballi ²⁴, D. Peresunko ¹³⁹, G. M. Perez ⁷, Y. Pestov¹³⁹, M. T. Petersen⁸², V. Petrov ¹³⁹, M. Petrovici ⁴⁵, S. Piano ⁵⁷, M. Pikna ¹³, P. Pillot ¹⁰², O. Pinazza ^32,51, L. Pinsky¹¹⁴, C. Pinto ⁹⁴, S. Pisano ⁴⁹, M. Płoskoń ⁷³, M. Planinic ⁸⁸, D. K. Plociennik ², M. G. Poghosyan ⁸⁶, B. Polichtchouk ¹³⁹, S. Politano ²⁹, N. Poljak ⁸⁸, A. Pop ⁴⁵, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais ¹²⁵, V. Pozdniakov ^140,§, I. Y. Pozos ⁴⁴, K. K. Pradhan ⁴⁸, S. K. Prasad ⁴, S. Prasad ⁴⁸, R. Preghenella ⁵¹, F. Prino ⁵⁶, C. A. Pruneau ¹³⁵, I. Pshenichnov ¹³⁹, M. Puccio ³², S. Pucillo ²⁴, S. Qiu ⁸³, L. Quaglia ²⁴, A. M. K. Radhakrishnan⁴⁸, S. Ragoni ¹⁴, A. Rai ¹³⁶, A. Rakotozafindrabe ¹²⁸, L. Ramello ^131,56, C. O. Ramirez-Alvarez ⁴⁴, M. Rasa ²⁶, S. S. Räsänen ⁴³, R. Rath ⁵¹, M. P. Rauch ²⁰, I. Ravasenga ³², K. F. Read ^120,86, C. Reckziegel ¹¹¹, A. R. Redelbach ³⁸, K. Redlich ^78,¶, C. A. Reetz ⁹⁶, H. D. Regules-Medel⁴⁴, A. Rehman²⁰, F. Reidt ³², H. A. Reme-Ness ³⁷, K. Reygers ⁹³, A. Riabov ¹³⁹, V. Riabov ¹³⁹, R. Ricci ²⁸, M. Richter ²⁰, A. A. Riedel ⁹⁴, W. Riegler ³², A. G. Riffero ²⁴, M. Rignanese ²⁷, C. Ripoli ²⁸, C. Ristea ⁶³, M. V. Rodriguez ³², M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi ⁴⁴, S.A. Rodríguez Ramírez ⁴⁴, K. Røed ¹⁹, R. Rogalev ¹³⁹, E. Rogochaya ¹⁴⁰, T. S. Rogoschinski ⁶⁴, D. Rohr ³², D. Röhrich ²⁰, S. Rojas Torres ³⁴, P. S. Rokita ¹³⁴, G. Romanenko ²⁵, F. Ronchetti ³², D. Rosales Herrera ⁴⁴, E. D. Rosas⁶⁵, K. Roslon ¹³⁴, A. Rossi ⁵⁴, A. Roy ⁴⁸, S. Roy ⁴⁷, N. Rubini ⁵¹, J. A. Rudolph⁸³, D. Ruggiano ¹³⁴, R. Rui ²³, P. G. Russek ², R. Russo ⁸³, A. Rustamov ⁸⁰, E. Ryabinkin ¹³⁹, Y. Ryabov ¹³⁹, A. Rybicki ¹⁰⁶, L. C. V. Ryder ¹¹⁶, J. Ryu ¹⁶, W. Rzesa ¹³⁴, B. Sabiu ⁵¹, S. Sadovsky ¹³⁹, J. Saetre ²⁰, S. Saha ⁷⁹, B. Sahoo ⁴⁸, R. Sahoo ⁴⁸, D. Sahu ⁴⁸, P. K. Sahu ⁶¹, J. Saini ¹³³, K. Sajdakova³⁶, S. Sakai ¹²³, M. P. Salvan ⁹⁶, S. Sambyal ⁹⁰, D. Samitz ¹⁰¹, I. Sanna ^32,94, T. B. Saramela¹⁰⁹, D. Sarkar ⁸², P. Sarma ⁴¹, V. Sarritzu ²², V. M. Sarti ⁹⁴, M. H. P. Sas ³², S. Sawan ⁷⁹, E. Scapparone ⁵¹, J. Schambach ⁸⁶, H. S. Scheid ^32,64, C. Schiaua ⁴⁵, R. Schicker ⁹³, F. Schlepper ^32,93, A. Schmah⁹⁶, C. Schmidt ⁹⁶, M. O. Schmidt ³², M. Schmidt⁹², N. V. Schmidt ⁸⁶, A. R. Schmier ¹²⁰, J. Schoengarth ⁶⁴, R. Schotter ¹⁰¹, A. Schröter ³⁸, J. Schukraft ³², K. Schweda ⁹⁶, G. Scioli ²⁵, E. Scomparin ⁵⁶, J. E. Seger ¹⁴, Y. Sekiguchi¹²², D. Sekihata ¹²², M. Selina ⁸³, I. Selyuzhenkov ⁹⁶, S. Senyukov ¹²⁷, J. J. Seo ⁹³, D. Serebryakov ¹³⁹, L. Serkin ^65,**, L. Šerkšnytė ⁹⁴, A. Sevcenco ⁶³, T. J. Shaba ⁶⁸, A. Shabetai ¹⁰², R. Shahoyan ³², A. Shangaraev ¹³⁹, B. Sharma ⁹⁰, D. Sharma ⁴⁷, H. Sharma ⁵⁴, M. Sharma ⁹⁰, S. Sharma ⁷⁵, S. Sharma ⁹⁰, U. Sharma ⁹⁰, A. Shatat ¹²⁹, O. Sheibani^114,135, K. Shigaki ⁹¹, M. Shimomura⁷⁶, J. Shin¹², S. Shirinkin ¹³⁹, Q. Shou ³⁹, Y. Sibiriak ¹³⁹, S. Siddhanta ⁵², T. Siemiarczuk ⁷⁸, T. F. Silva ¹⁰⁹, D. Silvermyr ⁷⁴, T. Simantathammakul¹⁰⁴, R. Simeonov ³⁵, B. Singh⁹⁰, B. Singh ⁹⁴, K. Singh ⁴⁸, R. Singh ⁷⁹, R. Singh ^54,96, S. Singh ¹⁵, V. K. Singh ¹³³, V. Singhal ¹³³, T. Sinha ⁹⁸, B. Sitar ¹³, M. Sitta ^131,56, T. B. Skaali¹⁹, G. Skorodumovs ⁹³, N. Smirnov ¹³⁶, R. J. M. Snellings ⁵⁹, E. H. Solheim ¹⁹, C. Sonnabend ^32,96, J. M. Sonneveld ⁸³, F. Soramel ²⁷, A. B. Soto-Hernandez ⁸⁷, R. Spijkers ⁸³, I. Sputowska ¹⁰⁶, J. Staa ⁷⁴, J. Stachel ⁹³, I. Stan ⁶³, P. J. Steffanic ¹²⁰, T. Stellhorn ¹²⁴, S. F. Stiefelmaier ⁹³, D. Stocco ¹⁰², I. Storehaug ¹⁹, N. J. Strangmann ⁶⁴, P. Stratmann ¹²⁴, S. Strazzi ²⁵, A. Sturniolo ^30,53, C. P. Stylianidis⁸³, A. A. P. Suaide ¹⁰⁹, C. Suire ¹²⁹, A. Suiu^112,32, M. Sukhanov ¹³⁹, M. Suljic ³², R. Sultanov ¹³⁹, V. Sumberia ⁹⁰, S. Sumowidagdo ⁸¹, L. H. Tabares ⁷, S. F. Taghavi ⁹⁴, J. Takahashi ¹¹⁰, G. J. Tambave ⁷⁹, S. Tang ⁶, Z. Tang ¹¹⁸, J.D. Tapia Takaki ¹¹⁶, N. Tapus¹¹², L. A. Tarasovicova ³⁶, M. G. Tarzila ⁴⁵, A. Tauro ³², A. Tavira García ¹²⁹, G. Tejeda Muñoz ⁴⁴, L. Terlizzi ²⁴, C. Terrevoli ⁵⁰, D. Thakur ²⁴, S. Thakur ⁴, M. Thogersen ¹⁹, D. Thomas ¹⁰⁷, A. Tikhonov ¹³⁹, N. Tiltmann ^124,32, A. R. Timmins ¹¹⁴, M. Tkacik¹⁰⁵, T. Tkacik ¹⁰⁵, A. Toia ⁶⁴, R. Tokumoto⁹¹, S. Tomassini ²⁵, K. Tomohiro⁹¹, N. Topilskaya ¹³⁹, M. Toppi ⁴⁹, V. V. Torres ¹⁰², A.G. Torres Ramos ³¹, A. Trifiró ^30,53, T. Triloki⁹⁵, A. S. Triolo ^30,32,53, S. Tripathy ³², T. Tripathy ^125,47, S. Trogolo ²⁴, V. Trubnikov ³, W. H. Trzaska ¹¹⁵, T. P. Trzcinski ¹³⁴, C. Tsolanta¹⁹, R. Tu³⁹, A. Tumkin ¹³⁹, R. Turrisi ⁵⁴, T. S. Tveter ¹⁹, K. Ullaland ²⁰, B. Ulukutlu ⁹⁴, S. Upadhyaya ¹⁰⁶, A. Uras ¹²⁶, G. L. Usai ²², M. Vala³⁶, N. Valle ⁵⁵, L. V. R. van Doremalen⁵⁹, M. van Leeuwen ⁸³, C. A. van Veen ⁹³, R. J. G. van Weelden ⁸³, P. Vande Vyvre ³², D. Varga ⁴⁶, Z. Varga ^136,46, P. Vargas Torres⁶⁵, M. Vasileiou ⁷⁷, A. Vasiliev ^139,§, O. Vázquez Doce ⁴⁹, O. Vazquez Rueda ¹¹⁴, V. Vechernin ¹³⁹, P. Veen ¹²⁸, E. Vercellin ²⁴, R. Verma ⁴⁷, R. Vértesi ⁴⁶, M. Verweij ⁵⁹, L. Vickovic³³, Z. Vilakazi¹²¹, O. Villalobos Baillie ⁹⁹, A. Villani ²³, A. Vinogradov ¹³⁹, T. Virgili ²⁸, M. M. O. Virta ¹¹⁵, A. Vodopyanov ¹⁴⁰, B. Volkel ³², M. A. Völkl ⁹³, S. A. Voloshin ¹³⁵, G. Volpe ³¹, B. von Haller ³², I. Vorobyev ³², N. Vozniuk ¹³⁹, J. Vrláková ³⁶, J. Wan³⁹, C. Wang ³⁹, D. Wang³⁹, Y. Wang ³⁹, Y. Wang ⁶, Z. Wang ³⁹, A. Wegrzynek ³², F. T. Weiglhofer³⁸, S. C. Wenzel ³², J. P. Wessels ¹²⁴, P. K. Wiacek ², J. Wiechula ⁶⁴, J. Wikne ¹⁹, G. Wilk ⁷⁸, J. Wilkinson ⁹⁶, G. A. Willems ¹²⁴, B. Windelband ⁹³, M. Winn ¹²⁸, J. R. Wright ¹⁰⁷, W. Wu³⁹, Y. Wu ¹¹⁸, Z. Xiong¹¹⁸, R. Xu ⁶, A. Yadav ⁴², A. K. Yadav ¹³³, Y. Yamaguchi ⁹¹, S. Yang²⁰, S. Yano ⁹¹, E. R. Yeats¹⁸, Z. Yin ⁶, I.-K. Yoo ¹⁶, J. H. Yoon ⁵⁸, H. Yu ¹², S. Yuan²⁰, A. Yuncu ⁹³, V. Zaccolo ²³, C. Zampolli ³², F. Zanone ⁹³, N. Zardoshti ³², A. Zarochentsev ¹³⁹, P. Závada ⁶², N. Zaviyalov¹³⁹, M. Zhalov ¹³⁹, B. Zhang ⁹³, C. Zhang ¹²⁸, L. Zhang ³⁹, M. Zhang ^125,6, M. Zhang ⁶, S. Zhang ³⁹, X. Zhang ⁶, Y. Zhang¹¹⁸, Z. Zhang ⁶, M. Zhao ¹⁰, V. Zherebchevskii ¹³⁹, Y. Zhi¹⁰, D. Zhou ⁶, Y. Zhou ⁸², J. Zhu ^54,6, S. Zhu^118,96, Y. Zhu⁶, S. C. Zugravel ⁵⁶, and N. Zurlo ^132,55 (ALICE Collaboration)

¹A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia
²AGH University of Krakow, Cracow, Poland
³Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
⁴Bose Institute, Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
⁵California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, United States
⁶Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
⁷Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
⁸Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico
⁹Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
¹⁰China Nuclear Data Center, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
¹¹China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
¹²Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
¹³Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
¹⁴Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
¹⁵Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
¹⁶Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
¹⁷Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
¹⁸Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
¹⁹Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
²⁰Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
²¹Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
²²Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
²³Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
²⁴Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
²⁵Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
²⁶Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
²⁷Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
²⁸Dipartimento di Fisica “E.R. Caianiello” dell'Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
²⁹Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
³⁰Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
³¹Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin” and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
³²European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
³³Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
³⁴Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
³⁵Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
³⁶Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
³⁷Faculty of Technology, Environmental and Social Sciences, Bergen, Norway
³⁸Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
³⁹Fudan University, Shanghai, China
⁴⁰Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
⁴¹Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India
⁴²Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
⁴³Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
⁴⁴High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
⁴⁵Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
⁴⁶HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
⁴⁷Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
⁴⁸Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
⁴⁹INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
⁵⁰INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
⁵¹INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
⁵²INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
⁵³INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
⁵⁴INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
⁵⁵INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
⁵⁶INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
⁵⁷INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
⁵⁸Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
⁵⁹Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
⁶⁰Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
⁶¹Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
⁶²Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
⁶³Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
⁶⁴Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
⁶⁵Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
⁶⁶Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
⁶⁷Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
⁶⁸iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
⁶⁹Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
⁷⁰Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany
⁷¹Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
⁷²Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
⁷³Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States
⁷⁴Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
⁷⁵Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
⁷⁶Nara Women's University (NWU), Nara, Japan
⁷⁷National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
⁷⁸National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
⁷⁹National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
⁸⁰National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
⁸¹National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia
⁸²Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
⁸³Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
⁸⁴Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom
⁸⁵Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
⁸⁶Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States
⁸⁷Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
⁸⁸Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
⁸⁹Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
⁹⁰Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
⁹¹Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM²), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
⁹²Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
⁹³Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
⁹⁴Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
⁹⁵Politecnico di Bari and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
⁹⁶Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
⁹⁷Saga University, Saga, Japan
⁹⁸Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
⁹⁹School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
¹⁰⁰Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
¹⁰¹Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
¹⁰²SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
¹⁰³Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
¹⁰⁴Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
¹⁰⁵Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
¹⁰⁶The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
¹⁰⁷The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
¹⁰⁸Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
¹⁰⁹Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
¹¹⁰Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
¹¹¹Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
¹¹²Universitatea Nationala de Stiinta si Tehnologie Politehnica Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania
¹¹³University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
¹¹⁴University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
¹¹⁵University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
¹¹⁶University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
¹¹⁷University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
¹¹⁸University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
¹¹⁹University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
¹²⁰University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
¹²¹University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
¹²²University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
¹²³University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
¹²⁴Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Münster, Germany
¹²⁵Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
¹²⁶Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
¹²⁷Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
¹²⁸Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
¹²⁹Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
¹³⁰Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
¹³¹Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
¹³²Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
¹³³Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
¹³⁴Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
¹³⁵Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
¹³⁶Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
¹³⁷Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
¹³⁸Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
¹³⁹Affiliated with an institute formerly covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
¹⁴⁰Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN

^*Also at Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich, Germany.
^†Also at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Bologna, Italy.
^‡Also at Dipartimento DET del Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
^§Deceased.
^∥Also at Department of Applied Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
^¶Also at Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Poland.
^**Also at Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

PDF

Phys. Rev. C 112, 024905 – Published 18 August, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/4ltm-g1qg

Abstract

Correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of anisotropic flow harmonics are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV, as recorded by the ALICE detector at the LHC. This study presents correlations up to the hexagonal flow harmonic $v_{6}$ , which was measured for the first time. The magnitudes of these higher-order correlations are found to vary as a function of collision centrality and harmonic order. These measurements are compared to viscous hydrodynamic model calculations with EKRT initial conditions and to the iEBE-VISHNU model with $T_{R} ENTo$ initial conditions. The observed discrepancies between the data and the model calculations vary depending on the harmonic combinations. Due to the sensitivity of model parameters estimated with Bayesian analyses to these higher-order observables, the results presented in this work provide new and independent constraints on the initial conditions and transport properties in theoretical models used to describe the system created in heavy-ion collisions.

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Phys. Rev. C 112, 024905– Published 18 August, 2025

Vol. 112, Iss. 2 — August 2025

Received 8 January 2025
Accepted 9 June 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/4ltm-g1qg

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by CERN.

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First measurement of symmetric cumulants of hexagonal flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02$ TeV

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First measurement of symmetric cumulants of hexagonal flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

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References (62)

First measurement of symmetric cumulants of hexagonal flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02$ TeV