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    Disentangling nuclear structure through multiparticle azimuthal correlations in high-energy isobar collisions

    Zaining Wang1,2, Jinhui Chen1,3,*, Jiangyong Jia2,4,†, Yu-Gang Ma1,3,5,‡, and Chunjian Zhang1,3,2,§

    • *Contact author: chenjinhui@fudan.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: jiangyong.jia@stonybrook.edu
    • ‡Contact author: mayugang@fudan.edu.cn
    • §Contact author: chunjianzhang@fudan.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. C 113, 034905 – Published 10 March, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/47jc-xzxm

    Abstract

    Event-by-event fluctuations in the amplitudes of flow harmonics offer a novel approach to probing the initial-state characteristics in heavy-ion collisions. In this study, we conduct a systematic investigation of correlations among various flow harmonics utilizing multiparticle cumulants in Ru96+Ru96 and Zr96+Zr96 collisions at sNN=200 GeV within the framework of a multiphase transport model. Correlated nuclear density distributions specific to the isobar systems are incorporated to evaluate the sensitivity of selected observables to variations in nuclear deformation and neutron skin thickness. The analysis reveals that multiparticle azimuthal correlations are responsive to these nuclear structure features, predominantly in the most central collision events. Furthermore, the examined correlations exhibit shallow dependence on the assumed shear viscosity values. These findings provide a quantitative evaluation of the extent to which multiparticle flow observables can discern nuclear structure effects in isobar collisions and offer valuable guidance for future detailed dynamical investigations and experimental measurements.

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