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    Variance minimization for nuclear structure on a quantum computer

    I. Hobday1,*, P. D. Stevenson1,2, and J. Benstead2,1

    • 1School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
    • 2AWE, Aldermaston, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom

    • *Present address: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.

    Phys. Rev. C 111, 064321 – Published 23 June, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/44k6-w3dt

    Abstract

    Quantum computing can potentially provide advantages for specific computational tasks. The simulation of fermionic systems is one such task that lends itself well to quantum computation, with applications in nuclear physics and electronic systems. Here we present work in which we use a variance minimization method to find the full spectrum of energy eigenvalues of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, an exactly solvable nuclear shell model type system. We perform these calculations using both quantum simulators and real quantum hardware accessed via IBM cloud-based quantum computers. Using these IBM quantum computers we are able to obtain all eigenvalues for the cases of three and seven fermions (nucleons) in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. We further show a simulated result for a realistic calculation of Li6 with a shell model interaction which performs equivalently to the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model.

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