- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review C

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Open Access

Production of multistrange hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider using the HYDJET++ model

Gauri Devi1,* and B. K. Singh1,2,†

  • *Contact author: gauri.devi13@bhu.ac.in
  • †Contact author: bksingh@bhu.ac.in, director@iiitdmj.ac.in
PDF

Phys. Rev. C 112, 034907 – Published 15 September, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/37rd-tcgd

Abstract

For the present work, we have used the HYDJET++ model to explore the production of pure multi-strange hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV and sNN=5.02 TeV collision energies, respectively. We have performed simulations to investigate transverse momentum (pT) spectra and elliptic flow (v2) for ϕ mesons and Ω baryons, and compared the results both with the ALICE experimental data and available model predictions for selected central classes. Furthermore, we have calculated the nuclear modification factors (RAA and RCP), which provide a perception of jet quenching phenomena. Hence, our findings enable the study of the energy and system dependence of ϕ and Ω hadrons production over a wide range of ultrarelativistic collision energies. We also present the particle ratios (Ω/ϕ, Ω¯+/Ω−, Ω/π, and ϕ/π), offering insights into the strangeness enhancement and chemical properties of the medium at both CERN Large Hadron Collider collision energies. Additionally, we also explore the predictions for the Ω baryon in Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV, focusing on RAA, RCP, and particle ratios within the HYDJET++ framework, offering insights into future measurements and particle dynamics in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (68)

  1. M. Abdallah et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 107, 024912 (2023).
  2. M. Waqas and G. X. Peng, Entropy 23, 488 (2021).
  3. M. Waqas, G. X. Peng, and F. H. Liu, J. Phys. G 48, 075108 (2021).
  4. V. Topor Pop, M. Gyulassy, J. Barrette, C. Gale, S. Jeon, and R. Bellwied, Phys. Rev. C 75, 014904 (2007).
  5. G. Devi, A. Singh, and B. K. Singh, J. Phys. G 51, 095203 (2024).
  6. L. Adamczyk et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 062301 (2016).
  7. K. A. Bugaev, D. R. Oliinychenko, V. V. Sagun, A. I. Ivanytskyi, J. Cleymans, E. S. Mironchuk, E. G. Nikonov, A. V. Taranenko, and G. M. Zinovjev, Ukr. J. Phys. 61, 659 (2016).
  8. C. Alt et al. (NA49 Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 192301 (2005).
  9. L. Adamczyk et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 93, 021903 (2016).
  10. A. Adare et al. (PHENIX Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 88, 024906 (2013).
  11. J. Adam et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 102, 034909 (2020).
  12. Y. J. Ye, J. H. Chen, Y. G. Ma, S. Zhang, and C. Zhong, Chin. Phys. C 41, 084101 (2017).
  13. G. Devi, A. Singh, and B. K. Singh, DAE Symp. Nucl. Phys. 67, 1061 (2024).
  14. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 584 (2021).
  15. Y. T. Feng, F. L. Shao, and J. Song, Phys. Rev. C 106, 034910 (2022).
  16. S. S. Adler et al. (PHENIX Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 72, 014903 (2005).
  17. A. Singh, P. K. Srivastava, G. Devi, and B. K. Singh, Phys. Rev. C 107, 024906 (2023).
  18. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 106, 034907 (2022).
  19. P. Braun-Munzinger, J. Stachel, and C. Wetterich, Phys. Lett. B 596, 61 (2004).
  20. C. Alt et al. (NA49 Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 78, 044907 (2008).
  21. B. Abelev et al. (ALICE Collaboration), J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2015) 190.
  22. G. Devi, A. Singh, S. Pandey, and B. K. Singh, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 138, 921 (2023).
  23. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), JHEP 09 (2018) 006.
  24. J. Adams et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 052302 (2004).
  25. A. Ortiz and O. Vázquez, Phys. Rev. C 97, 014910 (2018).
  26. P. Christiansen, K. Tywoniuk, and V. Vislavicius, Phys. Rev. C 89, 034912 (2014).
  27. I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, S. V. Petrushanko, A. M. Snigirev, I. Arsene, and K. Tywoniuk, Comput. Phys. Commun. 180, 779 (2009).
  28. I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, S. V. Petrushanko, A. M. Snigirev, I. Arsene, and K. Tywoniuk, Nonlin. Phenom. Complex Syst. 12, 348 (2009).
  29. I. P. Lokhtin and A. M. Snigirev, Eur. Phys. J. C 45, 211 (2006).
  30. X. Zhu, Adv. High Energy Phys. (2016) 4236492.
  31. Y. He and Z. W. Lin, Phys. Rev. C 96, 014910 (2017).
  32. Z. W. Lin and L. Zheng, Nucl. Sci. Tech. 32, 113 (2021).
  33. X. Zhu, F. Meng, H. Song, and Y. X. Liu, Phys. Rev. C 91, 034904 (2015).
  34. T. Pierog, I. Karpenko, J. M. Katzy, E. Yatsenko, and K. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 92, 034906 (2015).
  35. K. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 152301 (2007).
  36. P. Bożek and I. Wyskiel-Piekarska, Phys. Rev. C 85, 064915 (2012).
  37. V. Topor Pop, M. Gyulassy, J. Barrette, C. Gale, and A. Warburton, Phys. Rev. C 83, 024902 (2011).
  38. V. Topor Pop, M. Gyulassy, J. Barrette, and C. Gale, Phys. Rev. C 84, 044909 (2011).
  39. Z. W. Lin, C. M. Ko, B. A. Li, B. Zhang, and S. Pal, Phys. Rev. C 72, 064901 (2005).
  40. J. Cimerman, B. Tomasik, M. Csanad, and S. Lokos, Eur. Phys. J. A 53, 161 (2017).
  41. J. Cleymans, B. Kampfer, M. Kaneta, S. Wheaton, and N. Xu, Phys. Rev. C 71, 054901 (2005).
  42. J. Cleymans, I. Kraus, H. Oeschler, K. Redlich, and S. Wheaton, Phys. Rev. C 74, 034903 (2006).
  43. B. B. Abelev et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 91, 024609 (2015).
  44. B. B. Abelev et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 728, 216 (2014); 734, 409 (2014).
  45. N. S. Amelin, R. Lednicky, I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, A. M. Snigirev, I. A. Karpenko, Y. M. Sinyukov, I. Arsene, and L. Bravina, Phys. Rev. C 77, 014903 (2008).
  46. J. Crkovska, J. Bielcik, L. Bravina, B. H. Brusheim Johansson, E. Zabrodin, G. Eyyubova, V. L. Korotkikh, I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, S. V. Petrushanko et al., Phys. Rev. C 95, 014910 (2017).
  47. N. S. Amelin, R. Lednicky, T. A. Pocheptsov, I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, A. M. Snigirev, I. A. Karpenko, and Y. M. Sinyukov, Phys. Rev. C 74, 064901 (2006).
  48. K. Piasecki and P. Piotrowski, Eur. Phys. J. A 59, 272 (2023).
  49. G. Torrieri, S. Steinke, W. Broniowski, W. Florkowski, J. Letessier, and J. Rafelski, Comput. Phys. Commun. 167, 229 (2005).
  50. I. P. Lokhtin, A. A. Alkin, and A. M. Snigirev, Eur. Phys. J. C 75, 452 (2015).
  51. T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna, and P. Z. Skands, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2006) 026.
  52. R. Baier, Y. L. Dokshitzer, A. H. Mueller, and D. Schiff, Phys. Rev. C 60, 064902 (1999).
  53. L. V. Bravina, B. H. Brusheim Johansson, G. K. Eyyubova, V. L. Korotkikh, I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, S. V. Petrushanko, A. M. Snigirev, and E. E. Zabrodin, Eur. Phys. J. C 74, 2807 (2014).
  54. P. Castorina, S. Plumari, and H. Satz, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 25, 1650058 (2016).
  55. J. Adam et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Nat. Phys. 13, 535 (2017).
  56. J. Adams et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 062301 (2007).
  57. J. Adam et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 95, 064606 (2017).
  58. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 802, 135225 (2020).
  59. P. Kalinak (ALICE Collaboration), PoS EPS-HEP2017, 168 (2017).
  60. L. V. Bravina, G. K. Eyyubova, V. L. Korotkikh, I. P. Lokhtin, S. V. Petrushanko, A. M. Snigirev, and E. E. Zabrodin, Phys. Rev. C 103, 034905 (2021).
  61. J. J. Aubert et al. (European Muon Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 123, 275 (1983).
  62. K. J. Eskola, P. Paakkinen, H. Paukkunen, and C. A. Salgado, Eur. Phys. J. C 77, 163 (2017).
  63. M. Arneodo, Phys. Rep. 240, 301 (1994).
  64. M. Connors, C. Nattrass, R. Reed, and S. Salur, Rev. Mod. Phys. 90, 025005 (2018).
  65. Z. Yin (ALICE Collaboration), Int. J. Mod. Phys. Conf. Ser. 29, 1460228 (2014).
  66. B. Abelev et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 88, 044910 (2013).
  67. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2023) 243.
  68. R. J. Fries, PoS CERP2010, 008 (2010).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. C 112, 034907– Published 15 September, 2025
  • Received 17 September 2024
  • Revised 4 August 2025
  • Accepted 15 August 2025
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation