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    Gross-Neveu-Yukawa theory of SO(2N)→SO(N)×SO(N) spontaneous symmetry breaking

    SangEun Han and Igor F. Herbut

    Phys. Rev. B 110, 125131 – Published 13 September, 2024

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.110.125131

    Abstract

    We construct and study the relativistic Gross-Neveu-Yukawa field theory for the SO(2N) real symmetric second-rank tensor order parameter coupled to Nf flavors of 4N-component Majorana fermions in 2+1 dimensions. Such a tensor order parameter unifies all Lorentz-invariant mass-gap orders for N two-component Dirac fermions in two dimensions except for the SO(2N)-singlet anomalous quantum Hall state. The value Nf=1 corresponds to the canonical Gross-Neveu model. Within the leading-order ε-expansion around the upper critical dimension of 3+1, the field theory exhibits a critical fixed point in its renormalization group flow which describes spontaneous symmetry breaking to SO(N)×SO(N) for the number of flavors of Majorana fermions higher than a critical value Nf,c2≈2N. For Nf,c1<Nf<Nf,c2, with Nf,c1≈N, the critical fixed point resides in the unstable region of the theory where the effective potential is unbounded from below, whereas for Nf<Nf,c1 there is no real critical fixed point and the flow runs away. In either case, for Nf<Nf,c2 the transition should become fluctuation-induced first order, and we discuss the dependence of its size on the parameters N and Nf in the theory. One-loop critical exponents for the universality class at Nf,c2<Nf are computed and the flow diagram in various regimes is discussed.

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