• Accepted Paper

Electrically tunable radiative coupling in permittivity-asymmetric quasibound states in the continuum via periodically poled lithium niobate metasurfaces

Haoyu Wang, Zhancheng Li, Shiwang Yu, Yanchun Wang, Hui Liu, Wenwei Liu, Hua Cheng, and Shuqi Chen

Phys. Rev. B - Accepted 2 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xtq3-qn6c

Abstract

Permittivity modulation in nonlocal metasurfaces provides an effective route for unlocking radiative coupling of symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs), enabling unprecedented dynamic control over resonant light-matter interactions. Here, we present a periodically poled lithium niobate metasurface platform that leverages spatially antisymmetric electro-optic responses induced by the Pockels effect to achieve continuous control of radiative coupling. Distinctively, the electro-optic asymmetry introduces an independent and continuously tunable perturbation channel, enabling post-fabrication control of the radiative coupling. By interfering with the radiation amplitude induced by unintended structural asymmetry, it enables compensation of geometry-induced radiation leakage to a large extent and thereby restores high-Q resonances. Concurrently, the domain-engineered architecture intrinsically embeds nonlinear optical functionality, operating as a tunable χ⁽²⁾ grating that enables large-angle (71.4°) second-harmonic generation with electrically controlled emission. We demonstrate high nonlinear switching contrast exceeding 22 dB under moderate electric fields (≤20 V/μm), bridging high-Q resonance engineering with nonlinear photonics to provide a unified platform for next-generation on-chip optical switches, dynamic filters, and frequency converters.

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