- Accepted Paper
Trial wavefunction for fractional quantum spin Hall insulators
Phys. Rev. B - Accepted 4 November, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gmh5-wy3c
Phys. Rev. B - Accepted 4 November, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gmh5-wy3c
Fermions with opposite spins occupying half-filled conjugate Chern bands exhibit interaction physics distinct from their multi-component Landau-level counterparts with the same chirality. This is largely due to unavoidable inter-species collisions that preclude the Halperin-type wavefunctions available in multi-component Landau levels. In this work, we propose and evaluate a variational wavefunction for a fractional quantum spin Hall state with topological order in a pair of conjugate Landau levels. This topological order has previously been shown to be the minimal topological order compatible with charge conservation, conservation, time-reversal symmetry, and the fractional spin Hall conductance $\sigma^{\rm sh}=\frac{1}{2}$ twisted experiments. Our construction is based on the condensation of an anyonic exciton formed by the neutral fermionic excitations in a decoupled pair of Moore-Read Pfaffian state and its conjugate. By coupling the chiral and anti-chiral Ising conformal field theories associated with the two spin species, we introduce a variational mass parameter in the trial wavefunction that captures the inter-spin-species -wave pairing of composite fermions alongside the intra-spin-species -wave pairing. We assess the energetics of this trial state using Monte Carlo sampling on a spherical geometry. Because the coupled state intrinsically involves Landau-level mixing, we explicitly evaluate the resulting kinetic energy penalty. our phase diagram reveals that the proposed state becomes energetically favorable in a sizable region of parameter space over both the decoupled pair of conjugate Pfaffian states and an alternative exciton condensate state. These results provide a concrete microscopic wavefunction realization of this fractional quantum spin Hall phase, and propose a route to constructing additional families of such states.
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