Strong light-matter interactions are central to advancing next-generation photonic technologies. However, the theoretical tools currently employed often fall short of accurately modeling highly dissipative systems. Traditional Hermitian approximations, which treat plasmon-exciton coupling with real-valued strengths, fail to capture defining experimental signatures such as asymmetric spectral line shapes and complex triplet structures. We address this limitation by introducing a non-Hermitian coupling theory built upon the quasinormal mode formalism for coupled plasmon-exciton systems. This approach achieves a complete theoretical description by intrinsically and self-consistently incorporating the physical realities of material dispersion, absorption, and radiation loss. By constructing a multimode, non-Hermitian Hamiltonian without fitting parameters, we directly derive hybridized eigenstates from complex-valued coupling strengths. This framework provides a unified and quantitative interpretation of strong-coupling features, offering the essential physical insights necessary for engineering truly dissipative, high-performance nanophotonic devices.

Close

PrevNext

View figure in article

• Exciton polariton
• Light-matter interaction
• Nanophotonics
• Plasmonics
• Non-Hermitian systems