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    Antichiral surface states and higher-order topological states based on the modified Haldane model

    Jia-Rui Xu1,2, Zhan Xiong1,2,*, Kai Deng1,2, Hai-Xiao Wang3,†, Shiyang Liu1,2, Yixian Qian1,2, and Jian-Hua Jiang4

    • *Contact author: xiongzhan@zjnu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: wanghaixiao@nbu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 105122 – Published 17 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zndw-p2hh

    Abstract

    Antichiral surface states, which exhibit unidirectional propagation along parallel surfaces, hold significant promise for classical wave manipulation. However, their physical realization typically relies on complex implementations of a two-dimensional modified Haldane model, limiting practical applications. We propose a simplified approach to achieve such states within the nodal-line semimetal phase of a single-layer honeycomb lattice, where an additional layer degree of freedom emulates the essential physics of the modified Haldane model. We further demonstrate that asymmetric vertical interlayer couplings give rise to valley higher-order topological partial band gaps, which simultaneously support one-dimensional hinge states and gapped antichiral surface states. These results establish a versatile platform in which antichiral surface states coexist with higher-order hinge states, enabling robust topological wave transport.

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