We uncover a two-stage dynamics during skyrmion formation in chiral magnets and establish its connection to equilibrium phases through the introduction of a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) normalized chiral correlation $\chi$. Stage I involves stripe coarsening governed by the exchange-to-DMI ratio $J^{\prime }$, while stage II entails stripe contraction driven by the synergy between $J^{\prime }$ and the anisotropy-to-DMI ratio $K^{\prime }$. The magnetic field-to-DMI ratio $B^{\prime }$ influences both stages. By combining symbolic regression with neural networks, we establish an interpretable and quantitative framework that captures how microscopic parameters collectively shape the skyrmion formation process. This approach disentangles the distinct roles of different interactions: $J^{\prime }$ sets the stripe width during stage I, $K^{\prime }$ primarily controls the skyrmion size during stage II, and $B^{\prime }$ strongly affects the topological charge. Within the explored parameter space, this framework also yields a field-dependent criterion for skyrmion formation, $0.58J^{\prime }{K}^{\prime }+\mu B^{\prime }{J}^{\prime }>1$. Our results provide a general and interpretable framework for analyzing and controlling skyrmion formation dynamics in chiral magnets.

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• Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
• Exchange interaction
• Magnetic anisotropy
• Magnetic order
• Skyrmions
• Spin dynamics
• Topological phase transition
• 2-dimensional systems
• Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation
• Machine learning